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Please answer the question correctly: Why is the water important for planting

Please answer the question correctly: Why is the water important for planting Why the water is very reactive and can be a good solvent Describe the molecule of water that shows hydrogen bond 4. Mentioned some kinds of factors that determine the existence of water resources .

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Please answer the question correctly: Why is the water important for planting

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  1. Please answer the question correctly: • Why is the water important for planting • Why the water is very reactive and can be a good solvent • Describe the molecule of water that shows hydrogen bond • 4. Mentioned some kinds of factors that determine the existence of water resources

  2. Ground water: accumulated water in the ground or rock below the soil surface

  3. Foto: Supriyanto • The details are: • plant growing media (habitat and or niche) • rizhosphere (micro, meso, macro biota) • rocks, mineral, water, air • biotic+abiotic: the soil ecology system • solar energy: through green plant produce biomass • Soil understanding : • arable land • 2 tons of soil weight • 2 hectars of Bu Kokom’s • area Transformation of mineral and organic compound on the ground that are influenced by environment in long period The variation of soil condition is influenced by difference of environment situation. The collection of different soil form a layer named pedhosphre that all of environment factors interact each others

  4. Soil components: Air: atmosphere Solid Soil material: rock, primary mineral, rock weathered Organic material: litter, organic degradation Water: soil solution The part of soil with flora-fauna activities that influences soil structure, soil consistence, soil chemical (humus synthesis andorganic material degradation)

  5. Soil component • mineral compound • organic material • + water and air in soil pore • Dry soil: • Pore contains much air than water • Wet soil: • Pore contains much water than air

  6. Soil moisture Soil moisture: water in the soil that held by some powers (holding capacity matrix, osmosis dan capilarry) • holding capacity: soil particles • osmosis: solution • capilarrity: soil pore Holding capacity matrix:(soil particle condition depends on surface tension), osmosis (water solution: substances dissolve in water describe solution concentration, strength of capilarry (soil pore condition, the smaller of pore the higher of capilarrity) • soil moisture tension • soil moisture pressure The measure of soil ability to keep water againts gravitation

  7. Soil moisture tension Soil moisture tension (pF=log10cmHg=bar): The effort for moving out of water from particle fixation to make it free. The higher of pF the drier of soil condition. 0 cm of soil moisture tension or 0 bar means: there is no soil moisture tension, water is free and soil in the saturated condition. Soil moisture tension is 107 cm water or 104 bar or pF 7 means: Dry oven soil

  8. The classification of ground water based on soil moisture tension • Maximum holding capasity: saturated soil, the pore is fullfilled of water,pF=0, 0 cmHg, 0 bar • Field capacity: Amount of ground water after losses of gravitation water, pF=2,54; 346 cmHg; 0,3 bar • Hygroscopic coeficient: water is fixed by soil particle • Air dried: soil water content after it is dried by air (wind) and make it balance with atmospheric moisture • Oven dried: soil water content after it is dried on the oven at 105-110°C (water does not evaporate)

  9. Ground water Water available: capillary water, soil moisture Holding capacity matrix: (depends on soil particle condition), osmosis (water solution: dissolved material), capillary forces (depends on soil pore) Permanent wilting point: available water for the plant, soil moisture condition when the plant looks wilted,There is no plant turgidity because unavailable water condition in the soil FIELD CAPACITY: available water for growing plant Ground water move as the flow mass that is managed by pressure difference

  10. BIOLOGY CLASSIFICATION UNUSED WATER: FREE WATER Available water:betweenFCandPWP (pF 2,45-4,7) Unavailable water: water is held by soil particle, soil moisture tension >> PWP tension (>4,2) Temporary wilting : air temperature makes evaporation, whereas pF is high, so the plant looks temporary wilting, the rate of water absorption is not balance with the rate of evaporation. If the humidity is rise it makes temporary wilting disappeared.

  11. Physical classification • Free water: between saturated and field capasity: pF 0-2,54 (gravitation water) • Capillary water: water in the soil pore: pF 2,54-4,5 (between FCandkoefisienhigroskopis) • Hygroscopic water: water on the soil particle surfaces: pF 4,5-7,0 (betweenhygroscopic coefficient andoven dried)

  12. pF 6,9 tanah kering oven estimasi tanah kering angin pF 6,0 pF 4,2 kelayuan tetap lempung bergeluh air tersedia pasir bergeluh kapasitas lapangan pF 2,7 air tersedia pada lempung bergeluh air tersedia pada pasir bergeluh % lengas tanah pF 0 20 30 40 60 70 10 50

  13. Relation between soil pore diameter and pF • Saturated: pore fill with water • FC: pore smaller than 9 mm filled of water, bigger than 9 mm full of air • WP: ≤ 3 mm full of water, > 3 mm full of air • : ≤ 0,2 mm full of water • OD: smaller than 0,003 mm full of water

  14. Hubungan ukuran pori tanah dengan fungsi pori Notohadiprawiro, 2000

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