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Spine

Spine. 'You are as young or as old as the flexibility of your spine' a yoga master. What functions does the spine serve?. Protect the spinal cord Serve as flexible, strong leverage for muscles to provide movement

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Spine

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  1. Spine

  2. 'You are as young or as old as the flexibility of your spine' a yoga master

  3. What functions does the spine serve? • Protect the spinal cord • Serve as flexible, strong leverage for muscles to provide movement • Help stabilize the thoracic area and protect the internal organs

  4. The spine has 3 major components: • spinal column (i.e., bones and discs) • neural elements (i.e., the spinal cord and nerve roots) • 3. supporting structures (e.g., muscles and ligaments)

  5. spinal columnbones and discs

  6. C1 and C2 1st two cervical vertebrae

  7. Atlas = C1

  8. Axis = C2

  9. Cervical Vertebra (typical)

  10. Thoracic Vertebrae

  11. Lumbar Vertebra

  12. Sacrum

  13. Pelvic Girdle

  14. Pelvic Girdle

  15. Review

  16. Compare vertebra 1. Look at an articulated skeleton and compare & contrast the cervicle, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae – make a table of these comparisons 2. Look at the angle of the facet joints between vertebrae – hypothesize what movements are possible with the different angles of the Cervicle, Thoracic and Lumbar facet joints 3. Look at the articulation of the ribs on the spine. How/where do they articulate with the Thoracic vertebrae?

  17. Intervertebral Discs Discs function to absorb and distribute shock from movement (e.g. walking) and prevent the vertebrae from grinding against one another.

  18. Intervertebral Discs

  19. Intervertebral Discs Discs function to absorb and distribute shock from movement (e.g. walking) and prevent the vertebrae from grinding against one another.

  20. Intervertebral Discs Like a ball between two plates, allows fluid movement in 3 planes

  21. Intervertebral Discs Extension Flexion

  22. Intervertebral Discs Healthy Versus Diseased

  23. Facet Joints = Zygapophyseal Joints Facet joints are synovial joints. One pair faces upward (superior articular facet) and one downward (inferior articular facet). These joints allow flexion (bend forward), extension (bend backward), and twisting motion.

  24. Joints and Movements of spine 'You are as young or as old as the flexibility of your spine' a yoga master

  25. Movement of Spine Lateral Flexion

  26. Movement of Spine With Lateral Flexion get rotation of vertebrae

  27. supporting structures muscles and ligaments

  28. The ligaments of the spine are important for maintaining spinal stability and help to protect against excessive movement

  29. Primary Spinal Ligaments Include: Movement prevented

  30. Ligament Review Anterior view

  31. Ligament Review Side view

  32. Ligament Review More inferiorly on the spine, the ligamentum nuchae becomes contiguous with what ligament In otherwords, the nuchal ligament is really just a thickened portion of what ligament? Supraspinous Ligament

  33. Ligament Review Anterior view: vertebral body cut away We are looking at the ligaments between the laminae

  34. Ligament Review Posterior view: vertebral arch and spinous process cut off We are looking at the ligaments between the vertebral bodies

  35. Muscles of the Spine Paraspinals 1. Transversospinalis Group (Deep to superficial) • Rotatores • Multifidi c. Semispinalis capitis 2. Erector Spinae Group (Medial to lateral) a. Spinalis b. Longissimus c. Iliocostalis Quadratus Lumborum

  36. Paraspinals: the muscles of the spine that help us stand up straight, rotate and bend to the side.

  37. Transversospinalis • Rotatores • Multifidi • Semispinalis capitis

  38. Multifidi & Rotatores Pg. 206 Trail Guide O: Sacrum (multifidi) TVPs lumbar through cervical vertebrae I: SPs & TVPs of lumbar through 2nd cervical vertebrae A: (Vertebral column) Extension Rotation to opposite side (Multifidi span 2-4 vertebrae) (Rotatores span 1-2 vertebrae)

  39. Multifidi & Rotatores Pg. 206 Trail Guide O: Sacrum (multifidi) TVPs lumbar through cervical vertebrae I: SPs & TVPs of lumbar through 2nd cervical vertebrae A: (Vertebral column) Extension Rotation to opposite side (Multifidi span 2-4 vertebrae) (Rotatores span 1-2 vertebrae)

  40. Multifidi & Rotatores Pg. 206 Trail Guide

  41. Semispinalis capitis Pg. 207 Trail Guide O: Transverse processes of Thoracic vertebrae, Articular processes of lower cervicals I: SPs of upper thoracic and cervicals (except C-1), and superior nuchal line of occiput A: Extension of Vertebral column & head

  42. Erector Spinae GroupPg. 171 Trail Guide Spinalis (medial) Longissimus (middle) Iliocostalis (lateral) O: Common Tendon (TLA – thoracolumbar aponeurosis, posterior sacrum, iliac crest, last 2 ribs, SPs lumbar & last 2 thoracic vertebrae) I: Posterior ribs SPs & TVPs of thoracic & cervical vertebrae mastoid process of temporal bone A: Bilaterally Extension vertebral column Unilaterally Lateral flexion to same side

  43. Erector Spinae GroupPg. 202 Trail Guide Spinalis (medial) Longissimus (middle) Iliocostalis (lateral) O: Common Tendon (TLA – thoracolumbar aponeurosis, posterior sacrum, iliac crest, last 2 ribs, SPs lumbar & last 2 thoracic vertebrae) I: Posterior ribs SPs & TVPs of thoracic & cervical vertebrae mastoid process of temporal bone A: Bilaterally Extension vertebral column Unilaterally Lateral flexion to same side

  44. Quadratus Lumborum Pg. 213 Trail Guide O: Posterior Iliac crest I: Last rib (rib 12) TVPs L1-4 A: Unilaterally Elevates hip Lateral flexion vertebral column Assists in extension vertebral column Bilaterally Fixes rib 12 during respiration “The Hip Hiker”

  45. neural elementsthe spinal cord and nerve rootsplus a look at the protective, supportive connective tissue

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