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Diversity in California. Carla Piper, Ed. D. SDAIE Strategies for Meeting Needs of English Language Learners. Student Ethnicity. California students are so ethnically diverse that no one group is in the majority. Look up the Statistics for your county, district, opr school at:
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Diversity in California Carla Piper, Ed. D. SDAIE Strategies for Meeting Needs of English Language Learners
Student Ethnicity California students are so ethnically diverse that no one group is in the majority. Look up the Statistics for your county, district, opr school at: http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us/ Dataquest - http://data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/
English Learner (EL) Students Nearly a quarter of California students (more than one-third in kindergarten and first grade) are learning English as their second language. San Joaquin County averages more English learners than the state average.
Multicultural Approach • Equal Opportunity to learn, succeed, and become what he or she would like regardless of: • Sex, race, social class background, ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability • Cultural Pluralism • No one best way to be “US American” • What is the all-American child? • Does not mean you have to give up your families’ identities, sense of group solidarity, or cultural beliefs
Multiple Perspectives • Emphasis typically on Eurocentric History • Use of Visuals in your Classroom • What does your classroom look like? • Are there people of different races, sexes, extended families, disabilities, etc. • Quotations from diverse leaders? • Role models • Non-stereotypical, gender and ethnicity • Depicting diverse life styles, cultures, etc.
How do you teach your content to English Language Learners? • SDAIE Strategies - Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English • Introduce and Scaffold Key Concepts • Language and Vocabulary Needed to Understand Content • ELD Standards • Standards in English - http://www.cde.ca.gov/re/pn/fd/documents/englangdev-stnd.pdf • Standards in Spanish - http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/eldspan.pdf • California ELL Website - http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/
SDAIE Lesson Planning StrategiesIntroducing Content • Prepare Students by Scaffolding • Hands-On Experiences • Tap into Prior Knowledge • Graphic Organizers and Mind Maps • Visuals, Maps, Models • Realia • Vocabulary and Language Development
Explore Provide relevant instruction and practice through SDAIE strategies: • Practice independently, with partners, and collaboratively • Use varied grouping configurations and activities for various learning styles. • Monitor students and provide feedback. • Modify materials and presentation to enhance learning
Extend and Continually Assess Student Learning • Extend, enrich, and integrate learning across the curriculum. • Help students make conceptual and linguistic connections across the curriculum. • Assess • Check for clarification • Observe and assess concept and skill development • Ongoing assessment and modification of instruction when needed
Modeling • Gives a clear example of expectation • Shows a finished product (student work) • Performs a mini-demonstration SDAIE Checklist by Williams, 1996
Bridging • Weaves to existing schema • Engages students in “into” activities • Builds on prior knowledge/experience
Contextualizing • Provides right environment to explore concept • Uses concrete referents (picture, realia) • Elaborates through synonyms, antonyms, metaphors, analogies, anecdotes, examples, descriptions, storytelling
Building Schema • Presents a skeletal framework to build new information • Provides advanced organizers for direct teaching • Presents new information with graphic organizer • (Mapping, Venn diagram)
Developing Metacognition • Teaches strategies for learner autonomy • Debriefs process of learning • Discusses implications of strategies for future learning
Reframing • Guides revisitation of material with a meaningful collaborative activity • Teaches same concept in different context • Students transform narrative into graphic (art) • Students transform test into skit (letter to the editor)
Checking for Comprehension • Finds out if understanding has been achieved • Employs specific interactive activities • Allows for multiple ways to show understanding
Monitoring and Assessing • Assesses on an on-going basis • Observes student behaviors and language • Collects students’ products, writing, audio-tapes
Questioning • Asks questions that are open-ended/referential • Asks questions that have multiple possible responses • Encourages students to question each other • Engages students in collaborative activities
Adjusting Speech Register • Addresses students with NNS (Non-Native Speaker) in mind • Faces students when speaking • Incorporates non-verbal behaviors to support verbal presentation • Enunciates clearly, highlight key words • Allows for more pause time in answering questions
Orchestrating All Modalities for Learning • Activities all senses in the learning process • Provides hands-on activities • Supports auditory learning with visual and kinesthetic experience
Interacting (Teacher/Student, Student/Student, Student/Material, Student/Self) • Engages students in interactions for negotiating • Identity and meaning • Provides opportunity for all kinds of interaction
History of California Diversity • California History Online - http://www.californiahistory.net/index.htm • Timeline http://www.californiahistory.net/temporary_files/annotated.htm • California History Online – Mexican California http://www.californiahistory.net/ranchos_frame_main.htm • California Historical Society http://www.californiahistoricalsociety.org/ • CREDE - http://www.crede.org/
Who is a Californian? • Punjabi-Mexican Families • Roots in the Sand: http://www.pbs.org/rootsinthesand/ • Middle Eastern Studies – Berkeley http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/doemoff/mideast • Azores to California http://wwwlibrary.csustan.edu/bsantos/bsantos.html • Oakland History - http://www.oaklandhistory.com/files/hmenu.html
California Resources • United Farmworkershttp://sunsite.berkeley.edu/calheritage/UFW/ • PBS Asian American Ancestors - http://www.pbs.org/ancestorsintheamericas/index.html • Manzanar - http://www.nps.gov/manz/ • South Asian Network - http://www.southasiannetwork.org/index.htm • Chinese Historical and Cultural Project - http://www.chcp.org/index.html • Japanese American National Museum - http://www.janm.org/
African American History • Our Shared History - http://www.cr.nps.gov/aahistory/ • Online Archives of California - http://www.oac.cdlib.org/ • Martin Luther King Papers Project – Stanford - http://www.stanford.edu/group/King/ • Africans in America - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/ • The African American Mosaic -http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/intro.html
Cultural History of California • Virtual Museum of San Francisco - http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/index0.1.html • California Heritage Museum - http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHeritage/ • California Historical Museum Guide - http://www.censusfinder.com/california-historical-museums.htm • American Indian History -http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/ • California Native Americans Commission - http://ceres.ca.gov/nahc/default.html