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Personality

Personality. Social Cognitive approach. Social Cognitive- Bandura. understanding personality involves considering the situation and thoughts before, during, and after an event. Albert Bandura (1925- ). People learn by observing and modeling others or through reinforcement.

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Personality

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  1. Personality Social Cognitive approach

  2. Social Cognitive- Bandura • understanding personality involves considering the situation and thoughts before, during, and after an event

  3. Albert Bandura (1925- ) • People learn by observing and modeling others or through reinforcement

  4. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • personalities are created by both internal and environmental influences

  5. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Do we control our environment, or does the environment control us?

  6. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Internal locus of control means that we control our own destiny and behaviors • External locus of control means that our personalities and behaviors are shaped by outside forces

  7. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Stresses conscious thought process. • Self regulation and importance of situational influences.

  8. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Do you act/behave the same at home and at school?

  9. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Is your conscious thought different in situations? • Is there a class you are “acing”? How do you feel? • How about class you are failing?

  10. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • People will actively process info from their social experience; info will influence goals, expectations, beliefs, and behavior, as well as the specific environment they choose.

  11. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Relies heavily on experimental studies. • Emphasizes cognitive mental process rather than unconsciousness • Emphasizes that sense of self can change…depending on…

  12. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • ……Thoughts • environment • and behaviors

  13. Reciprocal Determinism: Three Factors Shape Personality • The mutual influences among personality and environmental factors • An interaction of three factors: • Thoughts or cognitions • The environment • A person’s behaviorsb

  14. Reciprocal Determinism

  15. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • We learn behavior from observing them. • We learn consequences as well. • Rules and standards apply to certain behaviors.

  16. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Reciprocal determination-human behavior and personality as being caused by the interaction of behavioral cognitive and environmental factors.

  17. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Self-Esteem-comes from a person/s cognitive skills, abilities, and attitudes. • It is our self-system that guides how we perceive and react to different situations.

  18. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • Self-efficacy-degree to which you are subjectively convinced of your own capabilities and effectiveness in meeting demands of a particular situation.

  19. Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality • i.e.: Tim the “Tool Man” Taylor • Thinks he can do anything *Versus* • A person feels they can’t fix anything

  20. Tackle any academic work Frowns on physical Tackle a sport Says can’t do academic Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality Brain Athlete Versus

  21. External Locus of Control • The perception that chance, or forces beyond a person’s control, control one’s fate

  22. Internal Locus of Control • The perception that we control our own fate

  23. Learned Helplessness • The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated bad events • Martin Seligman studied dogs that were unable to escape a painful stimulus and eventually stopped trying to escape.

  24. Learned Helplessness

  25. Optimistic Explanatory Style • When something goes wrong the person explains the problem as: • Temporary • Not their fault • Something limited to this situation

  26. Pessimistic Explanatory Style • When something goes wrong the person tends to: • Blame themselves • Catastrophize the event • See the problem as beyond their control

  27. Positive Psychology • A movement in psychology that focuses on the study of optimal human functioning and the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive • Lead by Martin Seligman

  28. The Social-Cognitive Perspective:Assessing Behavior in Situations Module 26: Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives on Personality

  29. Assessing Personality • Social-cognitive perspective would stress putting people into simulated actual conditions to determine how they would behave

  30. The Social-Cognitive Perspective:Evaluating the Perspective Module 26: Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives on Personality

  31. Social-Cognitive View • Draws on learning and cognitive research • Fails to consider the influence of emotions and motivation on behavior

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