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History of Healthcare

History of Healthcare. Early Beginnings Primitive human begins – no electricity, few tools, and poor shelter. Predators Superstitious Exorcise. Herbs and plants as medicine Digitalis Comes from foxglove plant Given in pill form, IV, or injection Strengthen or slow heartbeat

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History of Healthcare

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  1. History of Healthcare

  2. Early Beginnings Primitive human begins – no electricity, few tools, and poor shelter. • Predators • Superstitious • Exorcise

  3. Herbs and plants as medicine Digitalis • Comes from foxglove plant • Given in pill form, IV, or injection • Strengthen or slow heartbeat Quinine • Comes from bark of chinchona tree • Controls fever, relieves muscle spasms, and helps prevent malaria

  4. Herbs and plants as medicine • Belladonna and Atropine • Made from poisonous nightshade plant • Relieve muscle spasm (GI) • Morphine • Made from opium poppy • Relieves severe pain • Addicting and used when nothing else will help.

  5. Medicine in ancient times Accurate Observation

  6. Egyptians • Earliest people to keep accurate records • Called upon gods to heal them • Learned to identify certain diseases • Used medicines to heal diseases • Learned the art of splinting fractures

  7. Greeks • First to study the causes of diseases • Kept records on what they observed and what they thought caused diseases • Helped eliminate superstition because of research • Found that some diseases were caused by lack of sanitation

  8. Greeks • Aqueducts • Sewers • Public baths with filtering systems • Beginning of public health and sanitation • Did not believe that supernatural forces caused disease

  9. Note: During ancient times, religious customs did not allow bodies to be dissected.

  10. Hipprocates (ca. 469-377 B.C.) • Father of medicine • Based his knowledge of anatomy and physiology on observation of the external body. • Kept notes of signs and symptoms of diseases

  11. Hipprocates (ca. 469-377 B.C.) • Found that disease was not caused by supernatural forces • Wrote standard of ethics called the oath of Hipprocates.

  12. Romans • First to organize medical care • M.D.’s and equipment traveled with armies • Dr.’s kept ill room in house • Beginning of hospitals • Roman government paid physicians • Death mask

  13. Dark Ages (A.D. 400-800) Middle Ages (A.D. 800-1400) • Roman empire conquered • For 1,000 years medicine was practiced only in convents & monasteries. • Custodial care • Herbal mixes

  14. Renaissance (A.D. 1350-1650) • Rebirth of learning • Developments • Dissection • Once was prohibited by religion

  15. Current and future research • AIDS • CA • Diabetes • Cure for genetic disorders • Improved treatment for colds and arthritis • Isolation of gene that causes depression • Use of electronics that help disabled people walk • Nutritional therapy to decrease # of cases of schizophrenia

  16. Medical Ethics • Medicine will always have to determine if practice is or isn’t ethical. • What is the single most effective way to prevent or reduce infection?

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