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Bioreactors Landfills

Bioreactors Landfills. Bioreactor Defined.

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Bioreactors Landfills

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  1. Bioreactors Landfills

  2. Bioreactor Defined “……a sanitary landfill operated for the purpose of transforming and stabilizing the readily and moderately decomposable organic waste constituents within five to ten years following closure by purposeful control to enhance microbiological processes. The bioreactor landfill significantly increases the extent of waste decomposition, conversion rates and process effectiveness over what would otherwise occur within the landfill.”

  3. Why Operate a Landfill as a Bioreactor? • to increase potential for waste to energy conversion, • to store and/or treat leachate, • to recover air space, and • to ensure sustainability

  4. Status • 1993 - less than 20 landfills recirculating leachate • 1997 - ~ 130 landfills recirculating leachate • My estimate - ~ 5-10% of landfills

  5. Regulatory Status • EPA permits recirculation of indigenous liquids into landfills with Subtitle D liners • Some states more stringent • EPA is considering nonindigenous liquid addition

  6. Europe The European Union Council Directive on Landfilling of Waste has identified the need to optimize final waste disposal methods and ensure uniform high standards of landfill operation and regulation throughout the European Union (EU).

  7. Essential Needs for a Bioreactor • Composite liner • Appropriate density of MSW • Appropriate daily cover • Leachate recirculation system • Active gas collection system • Appropriate final cover system • Competent landfill operator

  8. Leachate Recirculation

  9. Waste Heterogeneity Ponding Water Impermeable Cover Preferential Channels Gas Flow

  10. Impact of Waste Processing

  11. Gas Collection

  12. LFG Generation Curves 25,000,000 Half-Life = 1.35 yr 20,000,000 15,000,000 Cubic meters LFG Half-Life = 3.68 yr 10,000,000 Half-Life = 20 yr 5,000,000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Year

  13. LFG Collection From Operating Landfills Sub-Cap Collector Horizontal Collectors o o o o o o o Leachate Collection System - LFG Collector Network

  14. Odor Potential

  15. Cover Issues

  16. Leachate Outbreaks

  17. Alternative Daily Cover

  18. Waste Compaction

  19. Landfill Stability

  20. Recovery of Composted Materials

  21. Research Issues - Aerobic Bioreactor • How much air is needed? • How can air be delivered? • What is the impact on the water balance? • How are landfill fires prevented? • What are the economic implications?

  22. Benefits Enhanced gas production Recovered space Reduced env. impact Reduced post-closure care Costs Capital costs Operating costs Economic Impacts

  23. Return to Home Page Return to Home Page Last updated July 2004 by Dr. Reinhart

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