1 / 24

Examining Plant Structures and Functions

Cellular Structure in Plants. Cells are the structure that forms the basic building blocks of all living things.A cellTiny structure that forms the basic building blocks of all plantsAll organisms are made up of one or more cellsProtoplasm in cells carry out life processes. Cellular Structures o

saad
Download Presentation

Examining Plant Structures and Functions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    1. Examining Plant Structures and Functions Created By Eric Johannesen Iowa-Grant High School

    2. Cellular Structure in Plants Cells are the structure that forms the basic building blocks of all living things. A cell Tiny structure that forms the basic building blocks of all plants All organisms are made up of one or more cells Protoplasm in cells carry out life processes

    3. Cellular Structures of Plants Plants are multi-cellular organisms This means they have many cells Cell specialization is the presence of cells that perform unique activities for a plant. Flowers, leaves, roots, and stems are made up of specialized cells. Cells are formed into groups that work together Tissue-Formed- by groups of cells that are alike in activity and structure. Organ-Formed by tissues that work together to perform specific functions Organ system-Group of organs that works together to perform a function

    4. Cell Structure Plant cells have three major parts Cell Wall Surrounds the cell and controls movement of materials into and out of the cell Nucleus Center of the cell and contains protoplasm, chromosomes, and other structure that control cell activity Cytoplasm Thick solution inside the cell wall surrounding the nucleus Plant Cells have many additional parts: Chloroplasts, nucleolus, vacuole, mitochondria, golgi

    5. The Plant Cell

    6. Major Parts of Plants Plants are comprised of vegetative and reproductive parts Vegetative Parts Stems Leaves Roots

    7. Stems Central axis that supports the leaves, connects them with the roots, and transports water and other material between the leaves and roots.

    8. Stems Rhizomes-Below ground horizontal stems Stolons-Above ground horizontal stems Tubers-is an enlarged part of a stem that grows underground (potatoes and yams) Tendrils- Threadlike leafless growth on a stem that attaches itself to other stems and objects (Grapes, Sweet Peas, Cucumbers) Bulbs-Underground food-storage organs (onions, daffodils) Corms-is a food storage structure at the end of the stem. (Gladiolus) Cladophyll-Leaf like branch that resembles a leaf

    9. Stems

    10. Stems

    11. Roots Two Types Fibrous Root System Made of many small roots and spread throughout the soil. Taproot Root System Made up of one primary root with a number of smaller secondary roots called root hairs.

    12. Roots

    13. Leaves Large, flat, and green organ attached to the stem. Its primary purpose is to produce food through photosynthesis. Two Major kinds of leaves Simple Compound

    14. Simple Leaves

    15. Compound Leaves

    16. Leaf Attachment Refers to the spacing and arrangement of leaves on the stem of the plant Alternate-One leaf at each node on a stem Opposite-Two leaves are attached at nodes opposite of each other Whorled-Three or more leaves are at each node.

    17. Leaf Attachment

    18. Reproductive Parts Flower, Seed, and Fruit The Flower Contains the reproductive organs Flowers produce pollen and ovules The Seed Formed by fertilized ovules and contain new plant life The Fruit Ovaries which develop to protect and nourish the developing seed.

    19. The Flower

    20. Seeds

    21. Plant ID by Cotyledons A Cotyledon is the fleshy structure within a seed that contains food for a developing embryo. Monocotyledons Produce one seed leaf Grasses-Corn, Wheat, Oats, Ryegrass Have long narrow leaves with parallel veins Dicotyledons All other plants other than grass plants are Dicots. Soybean, lettuce, Green beans, Alfalfa Broadleaves with a web-like vein structure.

    22. Cotyledons

    23. Nutrient and Water Transport Water and nutrients are primarily absorbed by the roots and transported throughout the plant by various tissues in the root, stems, and leaves. Roots have tiny root hairs covered with thin membranes that allow water and nutrients to enter. Process called Osmosis

    24. Nutrient and Water Transport After water and nutrients are absorbed, water is passed from cell to cell until it reaches the xylem tissue. Xylem tissue carries the water and nutrients up to the plant from the roots. Manufactured food is conducted from the leaves through the stems to the roots by Phloem Tissue Phloem tissue conducts sugars, proteins, hormones, dissolved materials and salts from leaves to other parts of the plant

    25. Plant Functions Reviewed Female Flower Function Reproduction Store food in seeds and fruits Stem Functions Conduct water Conduct manufactured food Produces leaves and displays them to the sun Supports the leaves Stores food reserves Male Flower Function Pollination Leaf Functions Photosynthesis Transpiration Food Storage Root Functions Absorb water and nutrients Anchor the plant Store food reserves

More Related