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Plant Anatomy

Plant Anatomy. Systems and Tissues. Plant Structure. Root and shoot systems are made up of basic plant organs: roots, leaves, stems, flowers. Root system. What are the major functions of roots?. Shoot system functions. What are some of the major functions performed by the shoot system?.

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Plant Anatomy

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  1. Plant Anatomy • Systems and Tissues

  2. Plant Structure • Root and shoot systems are made up of basic plant organs: roots, leaves, stems, flowers.

  3. Root system • What are the major functions of roots?

  4. Shoot system functions • What are some of the major functions performed by the shoot system?

  5. Structure is used in classification • Two main categories of flowering plants: monocots and dicots • The two groups are distinguished on the basis of flower parts, leaf veins, and other structural features.

  6. Flowers Monocots: flower parts in 3’s Dicots: flower parts in 4’s, 5’s, 6’s

  7. Leaves Monocots: parallel veins in leaves Dicots: network of veins in the leaves

  8. Roots Monocots: fibrous root system with no main tap root. Dicots: Main tap root, with smaller side roots branching off.

  9. Seeds Monocots: single cotyledon; endosperm and cotyledon are separate Dicots: two cotyledons; endosperm is contained in the cotyledon.

  10. Plant Tissues • Dermal tissue • Ground tissue • Vascular tissue

  11. Copy this table:

  12. Dermal tissue: Epidermis • How is an epidermis of a plant similar to your epidermis? • What does the epidermis do? • What features do you see in these cells?

  13. Dermal tissue: Periderm • How is the periderm like the layer of dead skin cells on human skin? • What does the periderm do? • What features do you see in these cells?

  14. Ground tissue: Parenchyma • What can you see in these parenchyma cells? • What are some functions of parenchyma cells?

  15. Ground Tissue: Collenchyma • How might support cells be different from other plant cells? • Plants don’t have a skeletal system as humans do. What holds a plant up? • What features do you see in these cells?

  16. Ground tissue: Sclerenchyma • How are these thick-walled cells different from collenchyma cells? • What features do you see in these cells? • Sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity. Why might that be?

  17. Vascular tissue: Xylem • Xylem tissue moves water. What features would the cells need to carry out this function? • What features do you see in these cells?

  18. Vascular tissue: Phloem • Phloem tissue moves sap, which is sugar dissolved in water. What features would the cells need to carry out this function? • What features do you see in these cells?

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