RTF Small / Rural Subcommitte e

RTF Small / Rural Subcommittee Wednesday, September 18, 9am – 10:30am

Agenda • Review of recently approved UES measures • Status of Schools Lighting and Barn Lights UES measure development • Mobile Home Decommissioning • Revisit priority list for 2013 • Upcoming work plan items for 2014

Recently Approved UES Measures • Review the UES design checklists for the measures approved between June 2013 and August 2013 RTF Meetings • June 18, 2013 • Commercial Grocery - Anti-sweat Heater Controls (small saver) • (updated at the September RTF meeting, will be reviewed at December subcom meeting) • July 16, 2013 • Commercial Showerheads (small saver) • Commercial Cooking – Combination Ovens (small saver) • Commercial Cooking – Hot Food Holding Cabinets (small saver) • Commercial Cooking – Fryers (small saver) • Commercial Cooking – Steamers (small saver) • Commercial Cooking – Convection Ovens (small saver) • Schools - Network Power Management (small saver) • Grocery - Display Case Motion Sensor (small saver) • August 20, 2013 • Residential - Advanced Power Strips (planning) • Residential - LEDs (proven) • Residential - Prescriptive Duct Sealing (planning)

Status of Schools Lighting and Barn Lights UES measure development • Selected by subcommittee as top priority for 2013 work plan at June 11, 2013 meeting • Sent Task Order to select firms on July 31, 2013 • Received bids in early August • Decided to separate Schools and Barn lights contracts based on contractor feedback • Notified SBW of Schools Lighting contract award on 8/22/13 • PECI Barn Lights contract awaiting final approval from this subcommittee • Projected fee of $12,424. Slightly higher than $10k estimate. • Received request from BPA to reconsider Schools Lighting UES Measures at end of August

Status of Schools Lighting and Barn Lights UES measure development [BPA presentation on BPA Nonresidential Lighting Program updates, as they pertain to schools in Small/Rural utility territories]

Mobile Home Decommissioning measure • Selected by S/R subcommittee for part of 2013 work plan at the June 11, 2013 meeting • RTF staff subsequently received requests to scope the feasibility of this measure and discuss with the S/R subcommittee before pursuing a contractor

Mobile Home Decommissioning History • Pre 1976 – “Mobile Home” – structures did not need to comply with building standards • 1976 – HUD standard: Federal standards on design, construction, installation, and performance of homes: Mobile home >> “Manufactured Home” • EE standards in the NW and Nationally • 1992 – 1995 Manufactured Homes Acquisition Program (MAP). • 1995 – present: Super Good Cents, NEEM (MAP specifications), Energy Star, Earth Advantage, Eco-rated

Mobile Home Decommissioning Regional Program Findings • PNL 1995 – Impact Evaluation of Manufactured Housing Acquisition Program • Billing analysis of pre-MAP (baseline) and MAP (efficient case) homes • Straight comparison of bills: 200 – 2,300 kWh/year savings • Regression analysis: 2,900 to 5,270 kWh/year, after controlling for size, secondary fuels, and heat pump presence • Baseline homes: • Were smaller • Used more supplemental fuel • Had more heat pumps • Savings will depend on specifically what new home replaces specifically what old home.

Mobile Home Decommissioning Regional Program Findings • Ecotope for Northwest Energy Efficient Manufactured Homes and Oregon Energy Department, “Draft: Summary of NEEM Manufactured Home Field Data and Billing Analysis”. • Treatment group only. Baseline = simulation of sampled homes with scaled down energy performance characteristics • 3,584 to 7,615 kWh/year

Mobile Home Decommissioning RTF Analysis • Savings calculator for MH, ~2002 • 2,000 – 6,000 kWh/year from building shell • even assuming new home is larger than existing home • More savings from upgraded HVAC equipment and MH EE specified equipment (e.g. lights, water heater)

Mobile Home Decommissioning 2012 RBSA • 321 MH sampled across the NW • Site audit and billing analysis • ~25% of MH are pre-HUD (1976). About half of these are pre-1970. • Observations • MH have gotten a lot bigger (from 1,000 ft2 to 1,700 ft2) • Heat loss rates decreased dramatically (from 0.52 UA/ft2 to 0.17 UA/ft2) • Homes are tighter (16.5 ACH50 to 4.8 ACH50) • Electricity is the primary heating fuel in 2/3 to ¾ of MH, except in Montana (17%) • About 10% of MH receive electric utility bill assistance • Energy consumption of pre-HUD and 1995-present HUD homes is comparable: improved energy efficiency has balanced increase in home size.

Mobile Home Decommissioning Heating CZ 1 2012 RBSA, Additional analysis by RTF staff Heating CZ 2

Mobile Home Decommissioning Heating CZ 3 2012 RBSA, Additional analysis by RTF staff

Mobile Home Decommissioning Heating CZ 1 2012 RBSA, Additional analysis by RTF staff Heating CZ 2

Mobile Home Decommissioning Heating CZ 3 2012 RBSA, Additional analysis by RTF staff

MH Decommissioning - Costs • Average MH Cost in 2012, PNW States • Single Wide – $31K to $48K • Double Wide - $75K to $81K • Source: U.S. Census Bureau http://www.census.gov/construction/mhs/xls/stavg12.xls • Incremental cost of Energy Star + • Source: Washington State University Energy Program and Habitat for Humanity, “Cost Implications of Retrofit vs. Replacement of Manufactured Housing“ • http://www.energy.wsu.edu/Documents/RetrofitvsReplacementPNNLReport.pdf • Survey of manufacturers • Single wide - $5,500 • Double wide - $6,400 • Source: RTF Energy Star and Eco-rated MH UES • Build-up cost estimates • $1,400 to $2,100 • Cost to decommission a mobile home: • Single-wide: $4,000, Double-wide: $6,000 • ~30% cheaper if several MHs in same area are done at the same time • Asbestos: Even in older homes, it’s usually not an issue • When it is, it can add $700 to $1000 to the cost. In the worst cases, it doubles the cost. • Source: Interview with WA vendor

MH Decommissioning – Remaining Useful Life • RUL of existing MH: • Would these homes have been replaced naturally within the measure lifetime? • This would affect measure cost considerably (full vs. incremental cost) • Research required to determine the decay rate of older mobile homes • U.S. Census Bureau data exists, but is difficult to navigate/access

MH Decommissioning – Cost Effectiveness

MH Decommissioning – Cost EffectivenessNo natural replacement Single Double

MH Decommissioning – Cost EffectivenessWith natural replacement (RUL = 10 yrs) Single Double

MH Decommissioning - Making this measure work • This measure would require significant funding support from other agencies • Access to credit has been a large barrier to new MH purchasing • This measure would need to include considerable attention to financing

MH Decommissioning - Discussion • Should the S/R subcommittee pursue this measure? • If so, proposed scope: • Planning UES measure • Measure assessment with the following components • Savings – use high performance MH values • Cost – confirm scoping data compiled by RTF staff • Non-energy costs and benefits – identify and estimate quantifiable, monetizable costs and benefits • RUL – Use U.S. Census Bureau or other data to estimate the natural decay rate of older mobile homes. • Research plan • Data collection requirements necessary to develop a proven UES or Standard Protocol

2013 Work Plan Priorities • Pursue Schools lighting UES measures? • Pursue Mobile Home Decommissioning measure? • [see 2013 priority list]

2014 Work Plan • Current allocation in DRAFT workplan set at $40,000 • May increase or decrease depending on scope • Continue following on priority list of UES measures identified in 2013? • Are there additional measures to consider? • Should finalize prior to December S/R meeting • RTF Work plan set to be final in November

Back-up Slides

Mobile Home Decommissioning 2012 RBSA

RTF Analysis of RBSA Data • EUI has gone down, but home size has gone up. • Not much change in kWh from pre-HUD to 1995+ HUD. • For planning purposed, the RTF MH EnergyStar and Eco-rated measure savings may suffice.

RTF Small / Rural Subcommitte e