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Red Algae and Green Algae

Red Algae and Green Algae. By Mark Zhou and Asad Zaheer. Red Green. Unicellular or Multicellular Nonvascular

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Red Algae and Green Algae

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  1. Red Algae and Green Algae By Mark Zhou and AsadZaheer

  2. Red Green • Unicellular or Multicellular • Nonvascular • Same pigments as vascular plants • Double-membrane chloroplasts • No centrioles • Cell wall made of cellulose • Unicellular or multicellular • Nonvascular • Same pigments as vascular plants • Double-membrane chloroplasts • No centrioles • Inner cell wall made of cellulose Structure • Red color from phycoerythrin • Store energy as floridean starch • Unstacked thylakoids • Outer cell wall made of pectic acid • No flagella • May live in colonies • Store energy as starch • Stacked thylakoids • Cell walls made of cellulose • Most have flagella

  3. Red Green Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Chlorophyta, Charophyta Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Protista Phylum: Rhodophyta Diversity

  4. Red Green • Photosynthesis • Starch made in plastids • Photosynthesis • Floridean starch made in cytosol Nutrition and Metabolism Reproduction • Alternation of generations • Some reproduce asexually • Sperm lack flagella, so they depend on water currents to reproduce • Alternation of generations • Some reproduce asexually • Sexual reproduction by flagellated gametes

  5. Red Green • Closest ancestor to vascular plants • Most common algae on land • Form symbiotic relationships with other organisms • Unstacked thylakoids and cytosolic floridean starch • Phycoerythrin allows it to live deeper in the water • Some can excrete calcium carbonate • Only algae to form pit connections after cytokinesis Uniqueness

  6. Red Green • Endosymbiotic with some organisms. • Carotenes may help treat or cause cancer • Some are invasive or parasitic • Counter global warming • Calcium carbonate used in bone-replacement therapy • Used to expel intestinal worms • Agar used in foods and agarosegel • Carrageenan used for yogurt, chocolate milk, and puddings • Porphyra used in Japanese cuisine • Make up coral reefs • Help treat herpes simplex Ecological Significance

  7. Red Green Trentepohlia Porphyra P: Chlorophyta C: Ulvophyceae O: Trentepohliales F: Trentepohliaceae G: Trentepohlia Examples P: Rhodophyta C: Rhodophyceae O: Bangiales F: Bangiaceae G: Porphyra Used to produce laver, gim, and nori. Parasitic on trees.

  8. Red Green Caulerpa Eucheuma Examples P: Rhodophyta C: Rhodophyceae O: Gigartinales F: Areschougiaceae T: Eucheumatoideae P: Chlorophyta C: Bryopsidophyceae O: Bryopsidales F: Caulerpaceae G: Caulerpa Used to produce carrageenan, which is used in cosmetics and foods. Sea grapes. Used in East Asian cuisine

  9. Red Green Volvox Coralline Algae Examples P: Chlorophyta C: Chlorophyceae O: Volvocales F: Volvocaceae G: Volvox P: Rhodophyta C: Florideophyceae O: Corallinales Excrete calcium carbonate. Make up coral reefs. Colonial algae.

  10. Red Green Dunaliellasalina Gracilaria Examples P: Chlorophyta C: Chlorophyceae O: Volvocales F: Dunaliellaceae G: Dunaliella S: D. salina P: Rhodophyta C: Florideophyceae O: Gracilariales F: Graciliaraceae G: Gracilaria Excrete calcium carbonate. Make up coral reefs. Halophilic. Creates large amounts of carotenoids and glycerol.

  11. References Campbell, Neil A., & Reece, Jane B. (2002). The Origins of Eukaryotic Diversity. Biology: Sixth edition(p. 565-567). Sansome St., San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. Freshwater, D. Wilson. (2000). Rhodophyta. Red Algae. The Tree of Life Web Project. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from: http://tolweb.org/Rhodophyta/2381/2000.03.24. Guiry, Michael. (2011). The Seaweed Site: Information on marine algae. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from: http://www.seaweed.ie/index.html. University of California Museum of Paleontology. (2012). The Protists. UGMP Taxon Lift. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/index/protista.html. Gietler, Scott (photographer).(n.d.). Garibaldi and Red Algae [Online image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://www.uwphotographyguide.com/catalina-island-underwater. Pfaff, Sydney (utilizer). (2011). Ingredient Spotlight: Red Algae [Online image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://blog.sephora.com/2011/04/ingredient-spotlight-red-algae.html Texas Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences . (n.d.). Muskgrass, Chara [Online image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://aquaplant.tamu.edu/plant-identification/alphabetical-index/muskgrass/ Wiegand, Alice (photographer). (2006). Nori [Online image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nori. Navez, Bruno (photographer). (2007). Trentepohlia sp. on Cryptomeria japonica bark [Online image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentepohlia_(alga) Bioted Biology Technology Devolopment (2012). RongNho [Online Image]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://bioted.vn/biofeed/?mode=news&id=325. The Seaweed Site: Information on Marine Algae. Iris Maerl [Image of purple algae]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://www.seaweed.ie/uses_ireland/irishmaerl.html National Ocean and Atmospheric Organization (photographer). (2010). [Image of brain coral and sea plumes]. Retrieved February 15, 2012 from http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2010/20100825_seaweb.html

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