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Clarity of Doctrine Amid heresy. Heresy-a belief contrary to some essential belief of the faith Early church had to solidify its main beliefs. Gnosticism. Splinter group that believed all material things, including human body, were evil (around 2 nd century) Jesus is divine, not human
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Clarity of Doctrine Amid heresy • Heresy-a belief contrary to some essential belief of the faith • Early church had to solidify its main beliefs
Gnosticism • Splinter group that believed all material things, including human body, were evil (around 2nd century) • Jesus is divine, not human • Irenaeus-became bishop of Lyons; opposed Gnosticism • Salvation was for Gnostics • Led to Apostles’ Creed • Statement of faith
Arianism • Based on teachings of Arius • Alexandrian priest • Jesus was not divine or human • Jesus was made/created by God • subordinate
Council of Nicaea • Ecumenical council met in Nicaea in 325 • Major defining moment in Christianity • Condemned Arius’s beliefs • Nicene Creed (p. 77) • Jesus is one with God, both divine and human
Athanasius • A bishop of Alexandria • Harassed by Arians • Removed from office 5 times over his career • Opposed the Arians • Related Jesus to God as brightness is to light • 392, Emperor Theodosius outlawed Arianism and paganism