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Bell Ringer

Answer the following questions about American history in the EOC Practice Packet, covering topics such as labor organizations, Henry Ford, and the economic boom of the 1920s.

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Bell Ringer

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  1. Bell Ringer Answer the following questions in the EOC Practice Packet in the back of your INB: QUESTION #78 QUESTION #79 QUESTION #80

  2. Question 78 What was the primary reason for the raids described in this excerpt? a. to prevent workers from joining labor organizations b. to block civil rights advocates from staging public protests c. to suppress the teaching of evolution in colleges d. to halt the spread of communist ideas by radicals Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer conducted a series of raids … The most spectacular of the “Palmer Raids” occurred in January 1920. --“Start-up of the Department and World War I, 1913-1921,” U.S. Department of Labor, www.dol.gov (accessed November 21, 2013)

  3. Question 78 Which management innovation helped Henry Ford to realize his vision? a. providing various models for cars b. creating a business monopoly c. downsizing the labor force d. using assembly-line production methods I will build a motor car for the great multitude. It will be large enough for the family but small enough for the individual to run and care for. It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men, after the simplest designs that engineering can devise. But it will be so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one – and enjoy with his family the blessings of hours of pleasure in God’s open spaces.” --Henry Ford, 1909

  4. Question 80 Which factor played the largest role in fueling the economic boom of the 1920s? a. government subsidies paid to farmers b. tariff reductions on imported European goods c. the increasing ownership of automobiles by families d. construction by the Tennessee Valley Authority

  5. 1920s Culture Essential Question: In what ways did the 1920s witness a conflict in values?

  6. TEKS and Objectives We will… I will… Identify political, economic, and social issues from the 1920s in an episode of The Simpsons (5A) evaluate the impact of the 18th Amendment (6A) analyze the causes and effects of immigration, Social Darwinism, eugenics, race relations, nativism, Prohibition, and the changing role of women (6B) analyze the impact of Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan, Marcus Garvey, and Charles Lindbergh (13A) analyze the causes and effects of the Great Migration (15C) explain how foreign policies affected immigration quotas (25B) describe both the positive and negative impacts of Tin Pan Alley and the Harlem Renaissance (26D) identify the political, social, and economic contributions of Frances Willard to American society

  7. Prohibition • Temperance Movement • Against the consumption of alcohol • Supported by Protestants and women’s organizations • Frances Willard (1839-1896) • President of the National Women’s Temperance Union • Advocated for women’s rights, suffrage, prison reform for women, 8-hour workday, improved working conditions

  8. Prohibition • 18th Amendment • Willard organized the Prohibition Party • Pressured states to ratify 18th Amendment • Manufacture, sales, and distribution of alcohol made illegal in 1919

  9. Prohibition = Epic Fail • Unpopular Law • Forced one group’s moral beliefs on others • Closed bars, breweries, and distilleries put thousands out of work • Bootlegging • Illegal sale of alcohol • Led to lawlessness/organized crime • Led to government corruption

  10. Prohibition = Epic Fail • Speakeasies • Illegal bars • Frequented by many government officials • 21stAmendment • Repealed 18th Amendment • Made alcohol legal again

  11. The Scopes “Monkey Trial” of 1925 • Darwin’s Theory of Evolution • Belief that man evolved from primates • Contradicted Biblical account of Creation • Banned by the Butler Act in Tennessee schools • John Scopes (1925) • Biology teacher • Arrested for teaching evolution

  12. The Scopes “Monkey Trial” of 1925 • The “Monkey Trial” • Fight over the role of science and religion in schools/society • William Jennings Bryan (state prosecutor) • Clarence Darrow (Scopes’ attorney) • Scopes convicted; fined $100

  13. New Restrictions on Immigration • American Nativism • Anti-Catholic, Anti-immigrant • Fear of admitting radicals (Red Scare) • Competition for jobs

  14. New Restrictions on Immigration • Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, and 1929 • Laws that established quotas (limit) on immigration • Higher quotas for British, Irish, and German • Lower quotas for “New Immigrants” (Eastern/Southern Europe) • Asian immigration barred

  15. Rise of Eugenics • Social Darwinism • Belief that human races engage in survival of the fittest • Americans believed Anglo-Saxon “race” (blond-haired, blue-eyed) was superior

  16. Rise of Eugenics • Eugenics • Pseudo-scientific belief that human race could be improved by breeding • Funded in part by the Carnegie Institution and the Rockefeller Foundation • Spread from the U.S. to Germany

  17. Rise of Eugenics • Charles Davenport • Wanted to prevent mentally ill from having children • Wanted to reduce immigration to by “inferior races” from Eastern and Southern Europe • Effects of Eugenics • Forced sterilization of women • Segregation laws • Marriage restrictions

  18. The Emergence of New Values • 19th Amendment • Gave women right to vote • New Opportunities • Appliances reduced housework • More women worked/went to college

  19. The Emergence of New Values • Flappers • Wore short dresses, short hair, and lots of makeup • Went on dates without chaperones • Smoked and drank in public • Enjoyed popular dances Thoroughly Modern Millie

  20. Music and Literature • Tin Pan Alley • Section of New York City • Capital of popular music publishing (sheet music) • Blues, jazz, and ragtime

  21. Music and Literature • “Lost Generation” • Group of writers disgusted by American’s desire for material wealth • Ernest Hemingway • Moved to Paris • A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises • Sinclair Lewis • Main Street and Babbitt • First American to win Nobel Prize in literature • F. Scott Fitzgerald • The Jazz Age and The Great Gatsby

  22. The Great Migration (1910-1930) • Great Migration • Movement of about 2 million African Americans from South to “Promised Land” (Northeast and Midwest)

  23. The Great Migration (1910-1933) • Push Factors • Lack of economic opportunities • Sharecropping and tenant farming (rented land) • Segregation and discrimination • Violence against African Americans

  24. The Great Migration (1910-1930) • Pull Factors • Industrial jobs in growing cities • Friends/Family who had previously migrated

  25. The Great Migration (1910-1933) • Growth of Cities • Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, New York • Confined to all-black neighborhoods • Greeted by racism, housing shortages, and crime • Harlem • Cultural center in New York City • About 200,000 African Americans lived in a city within a city

  26. African American Culture • Harlem Renaissance • Rebirth of African-American art during the 1920s • Optimism and pride in black culture • Jazz Age (1920s) • New form of African-American music • Became a signature part of American pop culture

  27. African American Culture • Langston Hughes (1902-1967) • One of America’s best poets • Wrote about determination to overcome racial prejudice • Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) • Political activist • Emphasized racial pride • Stressed racial unity through self-help • Supported the Back-to-Africa movement

  28. Generation of American Heroes • Spectator Sports • Americans enjoyed attending sports events • Baseball, boxing • Babe Ruth • Professional baseball player and homerun legend • Jack Dempsey • Professional boxer and cultural icon

  29. Generation of American Heroes • Charles Lindbergh • First to fly across Atlantic in 1927 • 33 hours; 3,600 miles • “The Spirit of St. Louis” (airplane)

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