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Chemistry Chapter 10

Chemistry Chapter 10. Chemical Reactions – The Basics. Chemical Reactions – The Basics A chemical reaction is what occurs when elements combine into compounds, separate into elements, or rearrange from one compound into another. Chemical Reactions – The Basics

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Chemistry Chapter 10

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  1. Chemistry Chapter 10

  2. Chemical Reactions – The Basics

  3. Chemical Reactions – The Basics A chemical reaction is what occurs when elements combine into compounds, separate into elements, or rearrange from one compound into another.

  4. Chemical Reactions – The Basics A chemical reaction is what occurs when elements combine into compounds, separate into elements, or rearrange from one compound into another. Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations.

  5. Chemical Reactions – The Basics A chemical reaction is what occurs when elements combine into compounds, separate into elements, or rearrange from one compound into another. Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations. The reactants (starting chemicals) are shown the left and products (ending chemicals) are shown on the right.

  6. Reactants → Products

  7. Reactants → Products The arrow separates the reactants and the products.

  8. Reactants → Products The arrow separates the reactants and the products. If there are more than 1 reactant/product, then a “+” sign is used in-between, to mean “and”.

  9. Reactants → Products The arrow separates the reactants and the products. If there are more than 1 reactant/product, then a “+” sign is used in-between, to mean “and”. Reactant 1 + Reactant 2 → Product 1 + Product 2

  10. Other Symbols

  11. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation

  12. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation • If given a word equation, turn it into a skeleton equation.

  13. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation • If given a word equation, turn it into a skeleton equation. • Example: • Solid iron and gaseous chlorine react to produce solid iron(III) chloride • becomes…

  14. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation • If given a word equation, turn it into a skeleton equation. • Example: • Solid iron and gaseous chlorine react to produce solid iron(III) chloride • becomes… • Fe(s) + Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s)

  15. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation 2. If given (or you’ve made) a skeleton equation, then balance the equation.

  16. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation 2. If given (or you’ve made) a skeleton equation, then balance the equation. The arrow in a chemical equation means the amounts of the chemicals on the left must equal the amounts of the chemicals on the right.

  17. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation 2. If given (or you’ve made) a skeleton equation, then balance the equation. The arrow in a chemical equation means the amounts of the chemicals on the left must equal the amounts of the chemicals on the right. Example: Fe(s) + Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s)

  18. Steps for Writing a Chemical Equation 2. If given (or you’ve made) a skeleton equation, then balance the equation. The arrow in a chemical equation means the amounts of the chemicals on the left must equal the amounts of the chemicals on the right. Example: Fe(s) + Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) On the left: 1 iron On the right: 1 iron 2 chlorines 3 chlorines

  19. Balancing a Chemical Equation

  20. Balancing a Chemical Equation Basically a guess and check process.

  21. Balancing a Chemical Equation Basically a guess and check process. The only thing you can change is the coefficient!

  22. Balancing a Chemical Equation Basically a guess and check process. The only thing you can change is the coefficient! Coefficients are the numbers in front of a compound and get multiplied to everything in that compound.

  23. Fe(s) + Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) Step 1: Add more Cl2 Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s)

  24. Fe(s) + Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) Step 1: Add more Cl2 Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) This gives: 1 iron 1 iron 4 chlorines 3 chlorines It’s not equal, so we’re not done yet…

  25. Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) Step 2: Add more FeCl3 Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s)

  26. Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → FeCl3(s) Step 2: Add more FeCl3 Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s) This gives: 1 iron 2 iron 4 chlorines 6 chlorines It’s not equal, so we’re not done yet…

  27. Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s) Step 3: Add more Fe and Cl2 2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s)

  28. Fe(s) + 2Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s) Step 3: Add more Fe and Cl2 2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s) This gives: 2 iron 2 iron 6 chlorines 6 chlorines It’s equal, we’re done! It’s balanced!

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