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The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

The Chemistry of Acids and Bases. Acids and Bases: Naming At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:. Name any acid or base Determine if the acid is binary or ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system. Naming Acids. Binary Acids:

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The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

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  1. The Chemistry of Acids and Bases

  2. Acids and Bases: NamingAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: Name any acid or base Determine if the acid is binary or ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

  3. Naming Acids Binary Acids: • Contain “H” and one other element To Name: Hydro + second element name + ic + acid Ex: HCl = Hydro chlorine – ine + ic acid Hydrochloric acid HI = Hydroiodic acid

  4. Stem or root of nonmetal Prefix Suffix Hydro- < NM > -ic acid HCl is a binary acid – hydrogen - nonmetal HCl chlor acid Hydro ic Hydro iod ic acid HI Hydro sulfur ic acid H2S

  5. Naming Acids (cont.) Ternary Acids (oxyacids): • Contain “H”, “O” and one more element To Name: Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex: HNO3=Nitr-ate  ic + acid Nitric acid H2SO4= Sulfuric acid • An easy way to remember which goes with which… • “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

  6. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has one more oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Per + Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitr-ate  ic + acid Pernitric acid H2SO5 = Persulfuric acid

  7. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has one less oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Polyatomic ion “ite”  “ous” + acid Ex: HNO2 = Nitr-ite  ous + acid Nitrous acid H2SO3 = Sulfurous acid

  8. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has two less oxygens than the root acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Hypo + Polyatomic ion “ite”  “ous” + acid Ex: HNO = Hypo + nitr-ite  ous + acid Hyponitrous acid H2SO2 = Hyposulfurous acid

  9. Acid Nomenclature Review No Oxygen w/Oxygen “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

  10. Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

  11. Summary of Naming Ternary Acids

  12. Acid Nomenclature Review • HBr (aq) • H2CO3 • H2SO3 hydrobromic acid  carbonic acid  sulfurous acid

  13. Name ‘Em! Hydroiodic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulfurous acid Nitric acid Perchloric acid HI (aq) HCl (aq) H2SO3 HNO3 HClO4

  14. Practicing Naming All Acids From HO Hydrochloric acid Hydroiodic acid Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Phosphoric acid Carbonic acid

  15. Chemical Compound Quiz Hypochlorous acid helps get the laundry white and bright. What is the common name? Bleach

  16. Naming Bases • Name the metal first • Add hydroxide Ex: NaOH = Sodium hydroxide KOH = Potassium hydroxide

  17. Some Common Bases NaOH sodium hydroxide, lye KOH potassium hydroxide, liquid soap Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide “MOM” Milk of Magnesia Al(OH)3aluminum hydroxide, Maalox (antacid) NH4OH ammonium hydroxide

  18. Tell you what, I’ll follow you!!

  19. Practice Naming Bases Sodium hydroxide Iron (III) hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide Nickel (II) hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide

  20. Acids and Bases: NamingLet’s see if you can: Name any acid or base Determine if the acid is binary or ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

  21. Pass the Clicker!!!

  22. Name HCl. • Hydrogen chloride • Hydrochloric acid • Chloric acid • Perchloric acid • Chlorous acid • Hypochlorus acid • I have no idea!! • Who cares??

  23. Name HClO. • Hydrogen chloride • Hydrochloric acid • Chloric acid • Perchloric acid • Chlorous acid • Hypochlorus acid

  24. Name HClO3. • Hydrogen chloride • Hydrochloric acid • Chloric acid • Perchloric acid • Chlorous acid • Hypochlorus acid

  25. Forgetter Be Forgotten?My forgetter's getting better,But my rememberer is brokeTo you that may seem funnyBut, to me, that is no joke.For when I'm 'here' I'm wonderingIf I really should be 'there'And, when I try to think it through,I haven't got a prayer!

  26. Forgetter Be Forgotten?Oft times I walk into a room,Say 'what am I here for?'I wrack my brain, but all in vain!A zero, is my score.At times I put something awayWhere it is safe, but, Gee!The person it is safest fromIs, generally, me!

  27. Forgetter Be Forgotten?When shopping I may see someone,Say 'Hi' and have a chat,Then, when the person walks awayI ask myself, 'who the hell was that?Yes, my forgetter's getting betterWhile my rememberer is broke,And it's driving me plumb crazyAnd that isn't any joke.

  28. Name HClO4. • Hydrogen chloride • Hydrochloric acid • Chloric acid • Perchloric acid • Chlorous acid • Hypochlorus acid

  29. Name HClO2. • Hydrogen chloride • Hydrochloric acid • Chloric acid • Perchloric acid • Chlorous acid • Hypochlorous acid

  30. Name H2SO4 • Hydrogen Sulfate • Hydrosulfuric acid • Sulfuric acid • Persulfuric acid • Sulfurous acid • Hyposulfurous acid

  31. Name H3PO3 • Hydrogen phosphite • Hydrophosphic acid • Phosphoric acid • Perphosphic acid • Phosphorous acid • Hypophosphorous acid

  32. Name HNO. • Hydrogen Nitrite • Hydronitric acid • Nitric acid • Pernitric acid • Nitrous acid • Hyponitrous acid

  33. Name Sr(OH)2 • Strontium (II) Hydroxide • Strontium Oxygen Hydrogen • Strontium Oxyhydride • Strontium Hydroxide • Strontinoic Acid • Strontium Dihydroxide • Not listed

  34. Name Fe(OH)3 • Iron (III) Hydroxide • Iron Hydroxide • Ironic Acid • Iron (I) Hydroxide • Iron Oxyhydride • Not listed

  35. Red-Neck Innovations:

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