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Naming Compounds. Ionic and Covalent. First thing first…. Determine if the compound is Ionic or Covalent . Ionic = Metal + Nonmetal Covalent = Nonmetal + Nonmetal. Nonmetals. Metals. Metal vs Nonmetal. Nonmetals. Metals. Metal vs Nonmetal. Metal vs Nonmetal. Nonmetals.
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Naming Compounds Ionic and Covalent
First thing first… • Determine if the compound is Ionic or Covalent. • Ionic = Metal + Nonmetal • Covalent = Nonmetal + Nonmetal
Nonmetals Metals Metal vs Nonmetal
Nonmetals Metals Metal vs Nonmetal
Metal vs Nonmetal Nonmetals Metalloids Metals
Ionic: Binary (2 elements) • Positive ion + Negative ion • Change ending to “ide”
Ionic Naming • Subscripts have no affect on the name. • Example: • NaCl = Sodium Chloride • CaCl2 = Calcium Chloride
Transition Metals • Roman Numerals are used to indicate the CHARGE of transition metals. • 1 I • 2 II • III • 4 IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X
Transition Metal Example Charge of Nickel (+3) Nickel (III) Sulfide Charge of Sulfur (-2) +3 -2 Ni2S3
Polyatomic ions • An ion containing more than one atom.
Common Polyatomic Ions • NH4+ ammonium • CN- cyanide • OH- hydroxide • NO3- nitrate • NO2- nitrite • SO4-2 sulfate • SO3-2 sulfite • PO4-3 phosphate • ClO3- chlorate • MnO4- permanganate • CO3- carbonate
Memorizing Polyatomics OH NO SO CO PO -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 3 4 3 4 hydroxide nitrate sulfate carbonate phosphate
Using polyatomics +2 +3 Magnesium Phosphate Mg PO4 Mg3(PO4)2
What to remember about ionic compounds • End in “ide” • Transition metals • Roman Numeral indicates charge • Polyatomic ions
Try a few Ionic Compounds • K3N __________________ • CuOH __________________ • FePO4 __________________ • MgO __________________
Try it the other way • Vanadium (III) sulfide _______ • Manganese (II) phosphate _______ • Sodium oxide_______ • Lithium Fluroide _______
Covalent Naming • Know your prefixes 1 Mono 2 Di 3 Tri 4 Tetra 5 Penta 6 Hexa 7 Hepta 8 Octa 9 Nona 10 Deca
Use the prefixes • The prefix indicates the number of atoms of the element • Change the ending of the second compound to “ide” Ends in “ide” diphosphorous trioxide 2 Phosphorous atoms 3 Oxygen atoms
Use the prefixes • If the first element is singular do not use the mono prefix. Ends in “ide” Carbon dioxide 1 Carbon atoms 2 Oxygen atoms
Use the prefixes • If the second element is singular you must use the mono prefix. Ends in “ide” Carbon monoxide 1 Carbon atoms 1 Oxygen atom
Try a few Covalent Compounds • NF3 ___________________________ • Si2Br6 ___________________________ • N2O3 ___________________________ • ClO2 ___________________________ • CF4 ___________________________
Try it the other way now • Hexaboron Silicide ______________ • Dihydrogen monoxide ______________ • Iodine pentafluoride ______________ • Phorsphorous triiodide ______________ • Carbon tetrachloride ______________
YAY! You are now an expert at naming compounds