Providing for Generalization of Behavior Change

1. Providing for Generalization of Behavior Change Chapter 10

2. Generalization of birds

3. Generalization of Women’s Hair Color

4. Importance of Generalization • http://drchris.teachtown.com/2009/06/18/the-importance-of-generalization/

5. Generalization Objectives • Conditions under which behavior is to be performed should reflect real-life environment • Criteria should reflect good enough • Think about the differences of good enough in crossing the street versus folding towels

6. Types of Generalization • Stimulus generalization – when a response that has been trained by a specific instructor or specific setting occurs with a different instructor or setting. • Stimulus class – don’t have to teach every possible shade of red for students to figure out it is red – same with shapes

7. Types of Generalization • Response Maintenance – resistant to extinction, has durability. • Continued performance over time • Want students to use their math skills in real – life experiences like balancing check book

8. Types of Generalization • Response Generalization – changes in similar behaviors when a target behavior is modified. • Student gets reinforced for completing multiplication problems and increases rate then will complete division problems at a high rate

9. Assessing Generalization • 1. Has the skill been acquired? Look at fluency, accuracy and reliability • 2. Can the student acquire reinforcers without performing the skill? Will someone else order the Happy Meal for him? • 3. Does the student perform part of the skill? Refer to task analysis to identify training

10. Guidelines to Facilitate Generalization • Teach skills in natural setting • Employ a number of teachers or care givers in the training of the skill • Train in a variety of settings • Shift from artificial cues to more natural cues • Shift continuous reinforcement schedule to intermittent schedule • Gradually increase delay of delivery of reinforcers • Reinforce instance of generalization

11. Sequential Modification • Applying the same instructional techniques that was successful in one setting across multiple settings • Teacher sets up the reinforcement system that was successful in the resource setting into each general education settings and the home environment

12. General Case Programming • Emphasizing using sufficient members of a class of stimuli • Identifying red objects • Plurals • Operation of a camera • Telephone • Computer

13. Reinforcers • Marc Gold

14. Lag Schedule of Reinforcement • Provide reinforcement only for responses that are different from the previous response to that cue (Lag 1) • When asking a student what they want to do and they always choose the same thing, the teacher only reinforces if the student chooses a different thing.

15. Really good stuff • reallygodd stuff-1.pdf