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HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY KNR 182 (Section 1 & 2)

HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY KNR 182 (Section 1 & 2). Introduction to Human A & P Chapter 1. HUMAN A & P. Anatomy - - study of structure. - is the scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structure. - typically answers the question, “What is it??” Examples:

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HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY KNR 182 (Section 1 & 2)

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  1. HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGYKNR 182 (Section 1 & 2) Introduction to Human A & P Chapter 1

  2. HUMAN A & P • Anatomy - - study of structure. - is the scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structure. - typically answers the question, “What is it??” Examples: • Cytology - structural features of the cell (cell anatomy). • Histology - structural features of the tissues (tissue anatomy). • Gross anatomy - the study of structures that can be examined without the aid of microscope. • Systemic anatomy - the body is studied by systems. • Others

  3. HUMAN A & P • Physiology - - study of function. - is the scientific discipline that investigates the processes or functions of living things. - typically answers the question, “How does it work??” Examples: • Cell Physiology - processes of the cell. • Neurophysiology - considers the nervous system. • Human Physiology - studies a specific species • others For Example!

  4. HUMAN A & P • Levels of structural organization within the human body... • Chemical level • atomic & molecular • Organelle & cellular level • Tissue level • Organs • Systems • cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, etc. • Human Being (You & I ) Key Point!

  5. Figure 1.1 Levels of structural organization

  6. KNR 181 KNR 182 Examples of Human Body Systems: 1. Integumentary system - skin and its appendages, including hair & nails. Many types of tissues - epidermal, hair, fat. Functions: protection, external support, maintain water, cools the body. 2. Skeletal system - internal support and production of blood cells. 3. Muscular system - human movement and production of body heat. 4. Nervous system - controls muscular system and learning & memory. 5. Endocrine system - hormonal secretions for chemical regulation. 6. Cardiovascular system - blood, heart, arteries, veins. 7. Lymphatic system - take up water within the system and disease control (body immunity). 8. Respiratory system - gas exchange - removal of waste products and detoxification. 9. Digestive system - breakdown & absorption of food products into the blood. 10. Urinary system - water and waste balance. * Systems very related and dependent on each other. 11. Reproductive system - only aids in production of future organisms (other systems not dependent upon it).

  7. Table 1.1A Orientation & Directional Terms

  8. Table 1.1A Orientation & Directional Terms

  9. Table 1.1A Orientation & Directional Terms

  10. Figure 1.8 Planes of the body

  11. Figure 1.9AB Body cavities: lateral & anterior view

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