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Cells to Systems !!

Cells to Systems !!. Cells are the smallest living part of living things- --where do we go from there?. Remember that cells are:. The basic units of structure and function of all living things. What is the cell theory? 1. All living things are composed of cells.

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Cells to Systems !!

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  1. Cells to Systems!! Cells are the smallest living part of living things---where do we go from there?

  2. Remember that cells are: • The basic units of structure and function of all living things. • What is the cell theory? • 1. All living things are composed of cells. • 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • 3. All cells are produced from other cells.

  3. Cells are put together into groups of cells which make tissues • There are many different types of tissues in living organisms. This is muscle tissue:

  4. You have seen muscle tissue, here are 3 more types

  5. Connective tissue • Connective tissue is generally strong and hooks muscle to bone or bone to bone. This would be like tendons and ligaments.

  6. What about epithelial tissue? • This is “skin” type tissue. As you can see, there are several types-the one you know best is epithelial—like the top layer of your skin.

  7. So—take a closer look--- • Look how many “things” are in your skin---by the way, your skin is your largest organ. • Sweat glands • Muscles • Hair follicles • Oil glands • Fat cells • New skin waiting • to grow through.

  8. Another important tissue is “nervous” tissue • Nerve cells allow us to move and • feel. If the messages are cut off, • our body cannot respond or feel • heat, pain, pressure.

  9. What happens after cells make tissues? • The tissues actually make organs. Different tissues make up different organs. • Organs are things like a stomach, brain, liver, kidney, heart, and pancreas.

  10. After organs next is the body “system” itself • How many systems are there?---9 • Nervous system • Skeletal system • Muscular system • Integumentary system (skin) • Circulatory system • Digestive system • Urinary system • Reproductive system • Respiratory system

  11. Nervous system • Your brain, spinal cord • and all nerves are in • this system. Your • brain tells your hand • to move and the • message goes from • the brain down the • spinal cord and out to • the hand via the • nerves that run in • your arm. If your hand touches • a hot iron, than the nerves run • up the arm, into the spinal cord • and up to the brain to register • that “ouch” was in order-your • brain tells you to jerk your hand • out of the way and say ouch!

  12. Skeletal system-206 bones • This is a system of support and • also gives you structure. • It gives your shape and allows • movement. You could not • move without bones and you • would merely be a pile of • Mush—like a blob!

  13. Muscular system-600+ • Muscles help you move • and work and also • give your shape.

  14. Integumentary system • This is your largest • organ and covers • your whole body. • It is your skin!!

  15. Circulatory system • Red shows • your arteries. • Blue shows • your veins. • Arteries take • blood away • from the heart • and out to the • body-- • veins take • blood back from • the body to • the heart.

  16. Digestive System • Begins at your mouth • and ends at the anus. • includes many organs • along the way to take • the nutrients out of • the food you eat and • then get rid of the • waste that your body • does not need.

  17. Urinary system • Here is where the • liquid waste from • your body is taken • care of. Also any • needed liquids are • processed and sent • through the body.

  18. Reproductive system • Male and female differ in structure. The organs are meant to carry on the human species. • Sexual reproduction needs a male and a female. If this is done in a lab or a petri dish like artificial insemination, the cells from a male and female are still required. • Remember—a living cell comes from another living cell.

  19. Respiratory system • This is how your • body gets it’s needed • oxygen and also rids • itself of the CO2 • wastes.

  20. What do all the systems make up? • The actual organism!

  21. All body systems have a function. • All body systems are made with the correct organs to perform the required function for the organism. • If something does not run correctly—the organism would most likely not feel “right”! • What happens if the organism’s systems could not become better---disease or death. 

  22. So—to review what you learned: • Cells make up tissues. • Tissues make up organs. • Organs make up systems. • Systems make up the organism.

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