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Chapter 1- Org Behavior

Chapter 1- Org Behavior. January 15, 2009 (Basic Outline). The Field of Org Psych. A very broad field covering any topic related to the workplace behavior of 1 or more people Not limited to certain types of orgs, or even compensated activity

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Chapter 1- Org Behavior

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  1. Chapter 1- Org Behavior January 15, 2009 (Basic Outline)

  2. The Field of Org Psych • A very broad field covering any topic related to the workplace behavior of 1 or more people • Not limited to certain types of orgs, or even compensated activity • Models of Org Behavior – importance of studying these?

  3. Models of Org Behavior • Systematic study of management/orgs didn’t start until Industrial Revolution • Autocratic Model • Earliest model (early 1900s) • Based on formal authority of managers over employees • Example of Theory X (MacGregor) – what is it? • Taylor & Scientific Management

  4. Models (cont.) • Scientific Management • Background of Taylor’s research – • Main principles include: Criticisms?

  5. Models (cont.) • Classical Org Theory (1930s) • How did it differ from sci mgmt? • Satisfaction & productivity may be linked • Development of benefit plans to improve satisfaction  productivity • Ideas of bureaucracy (rules, hierarchies) • Problems with this approach?

  6. Models (cont.) • Hawthorne experiments – • Western Electric Plant 1930’s • Roethlisberger’s classic book “Management and the Worker” summarizes these studies • 2 main studies: • 1) Changed lighting to measure effect on productivity - • What were the main results?

  7. Hawthorne (cont.) • 2) Piecework incentives for 9-person assembly groups – • What were the results? • Implications?

  8. Models (cont.) • A few other theories after Hawthorne studies included focus on ee participation. • Majority of research done in the U.S. • Modern Org Theory (80’s – current) • Focus on teams, groups • Systems approach – what is it? • Influence of 80’s cognitive revolution • How was this demonstrated? • Recent focus on power, politics, justice

  9. Current Trends • Globalization – increase in expatriates • Greater acceptance of ‘divergence hypothesis’ • Diversity within organizations • Tech advances • Effects on org structure (downsizing, outsourcing) • Flexible Work, telecommuting

  10. Increase in use of contingent workers • Employee engagement • What is it? • Key drivers: • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

  11. Research Process in Org Psy • Read appendix for general research principles • What is different about Org research? Examples?

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