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Impact of Alcohol Dependence on Women’s Parenting Sense of Competence

Impact of Alcohol Dependence on Women’s Parenting Sense of Competence. Meghan Andreycak, Casey Farmer, Katherine Gardes, Erin Gilbert, Jessica Henkel, Mary LaBella, Joanne Stein, and Kate Werley 12.20.2004. Introduction.

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Impact of Alcohol Dependence on Women’s Parenting Sense of Competence

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  1. Impact of Alcohol Dependence on Women’s Parenting Sense of Competence Meghan Andreycak, Casey Farmer, Katherine Gardes, Erin Gilbert, Jessica Henkel, Mary LaBella, Joanne Stein, and Kate Werley 12.20.2004

  2. Introduction • At least one out of every five pregnant women smokes, drinks, and/or uses drugs. • Although women represent 40% of the nation’s alcoholics, women make up only 28% of all people who receive treatment • Only about 10% of treatment programs are designed specifically for women

  3. Background and Significance • Alcoholism: • Genetic factors • Physiological factors • Neuropsychological factors • Environmental factors • Alcohol dependence and parenting: • Concerns of women alcoholics • Difficulty “working a selfish program” • Women in gender-specific alcohol treatment programs have better success

  4. Background and Significance • Belsky’s Model of the Determinants of Parenting: • Psychological characteristics • Child characteristics • Sources of stress and support

  5. Background and Significance • Gaps in literature: • Research has traditionally focused on men • Heterogeneity of women with alcohol dependence • Lack of research specific to parental status

  6. Study Aims and Hypothesis • Is there a difference in the parental competence of women with alcohol dependence problems and those without alcohol dependence problems? • We hypothesize that those with alcohol dependence problems will have lower levels of parental competence

  7. Methods: Sample • Convenience sample (n = 204) • Married • Caucasian and African-American mothers • Ages 18 to 68 years • Average of two children • Some post-secondary education • Employed full-time • Earn an average household income of over $50,000

  8. Methods: Measures • Parenting Sense of Competence Scale • 17-item paper and pencil scale • Developed to assess the level of new parents’ sense of competence • Two subscales: • Skill/Knowledge • Value/Comfort

  9. Methods: Measures • Parenting Sense of Competence Scale cont. • Six point scale spanning from strongly agree (1) to strongly disagree (6) • Reverse scoring • Internal consistency reliability for both subscales and convergent and discriminant validity are reported • Change in focus of scale

  10. Methods: Measures • Alcohol Dependence Scale • 25-item scale • Administered via paper-and-pencil or interview • Four key factors for measuring alcohol dependence • Internal consistency reliability and validity • Predictive of DSM-IV-TR diagnosis • Helpful in determining intensity of treatment

  11. Methods: Measures • Alcohol Dependence Scale cont. • Each possible response for the 25 items corresponds with a number • Scores range from 0 to 47 • Four quartiles • Modifications

  12. Methods: Procedure • Part of a larger effort at the UMB School of Social Work • Pilot test • IRB • Survey distribution • Data entry/ data cleaning • Protecting human research subjects

  13. Results • Global Scale • An independent sample t test yielded unexpected results • The null hypothesis was supported • Respondents with alcohol dependence problems (M = 49.02, SD = 10.38) report statistically greater scores on the PSOC scale than do respondents with no reported alcohol dependence problems (M = 43.81, SD = 9.52), t(152) = -2.935, p = .004 (two-tailed)

  14. Results • Skill/Knowledge Subscale • Those with alcohol dependence problems (M = 24.92, SD = 6.47) report higher scores than those with no reported alcohol problems (M = 22.92, SD = 6.46) • However, the difference is not significant, t(181)= -1.861, p = .064 (two-tailed)

  15. Results • Valuing/Comfort Subscale • Those respondents with reported alcohol dependence problems (M = 24.78, SD = 6.63) have statistically significant higher scores than those with no reported alcohol dependence problems (M = 20.97, SD = 5.22), t(156)= -3.745, p = .000 (two-tailed)

  16. Discussion • The data indicated the reverse relationship between parenting and alcohol dependence: those with higher levels of dependence scored higher on the global scale for parenting competence and the valuing/comfort scale • Potential explanations

  17. Discussion • Study Strengths: • Pilot test • Range of maternal ages • Measures

  18. Discussion • Limitations: • Altered cut-off • Minimization of drinking behaviors      • Lack of standardization of survey administration

  19. Discussion • Further research and implications for social work practice • Directing future studies       • Importance of examining the relationship between alcohol dependence and mother's parental competence

  20. Questions

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