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The National Strategy for Poverty Reduction (NSPR) . The NSPR of 2007 embraces a multidimensional view of PovertyBotswana's conception of poverty emphasises three dimensionsIncome poverty Capability poverty
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1. MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY
AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION
3. Income Poverty The headcount ratio was estimated at 31% in 2002
Has been declining since measurement began in fiscal 85/86
59% in 1985
47% in 1992
31% in 2002
16% projected for 2016
The proximate courses are seen as unemployment, lack of skills, lack of opportunities [narrow economic base, a small and dispersed population]
Income poverty has a strong rural dimension.
Government’s response is too fold
Sustainable quality jobs – Growth is a priority
Empowerment - Investment in education, skills and health
4. Capability Poverty Concerned with two measure dimensions of poverty
Education and skills development
Universal access to 10 years of basic education now guaranteed
College education is accessible
Subsidised student loans for some subjects – Social Sciences and the Arts
Strong vocational system of vocational education
Full grant support for science based programmes
Whilst coverage is not a concern, quality is
Health
A strong public health programme: physically and financially accessible health services
A strong child nutrition programme
Main challenge is HIV/AIDS
Has driven a wedge between material wellbeing and overall wellbeing – Botswana’s HDI Rank is 63 places below its per capita ranking
Is eroding capacity system delivery capacity
Strong response, emphasising both prevention and care
5. Social Exclusion Though not adequately studied, it is acknowledged in the NSPR. Those who are excluded included are:
Poor people in general – The NSPR thus explicitly calls advocates for the organisation of poor people so that they may acquire voice and visibility
Particular ethnic minorities (i.e. the Basarwa) - A case of cultural dislocation from mainstream society
Remote area dwellers: Suffer some form of exclusion as a result of physical and economic isolation
Government Response
Special programmes for the Basarwa and Remote Area Dwellers
Strong emphasis on infrastructure development
Strong shift towards Community driven development – Local Economic Development and Community Resilience.