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11 th Annual Bi-National Conference “Violence Along the Border”

11 th Annual Bi-National Conference “Violence Along the Border”. May 26, 2010 Albuquerque, NM. Drug Trends. Increased illicit use of prescription drugs One trend more frequently identified by law enforcement agencies, and supported by epidemiological data. Drug Trends.

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11 th Annual Bi-National Conference “Violence Along the Border”

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  1. 11th Annual Bi-National Conference“Violence Along the Border” May 26, 2010 Albuquerque, NM

  2. Drug Trends • Increased illicit use of prescription drugs • One trend more frequently identified by law enforcement agencies, and supported by epidemiological data. Herman Silva

  3. Drug Trends • Law enforcement agencies are seeing an increase in prescription fraud for opioid painkillers. • Following are the most prominent drug problems and trends, as identified by each MJTF in New Mexico: Herman Silva

  4. Seven Multi-Jurisdiction Task Forces Region III Region II Region IV Region I Region II Region III Region IV Region V Region VI Region VII Region I Region V Region VII Region VI Herman Silva

  5. Prominent Drug Problems and Trends in Region I-MJTF • Seem to be moving to cocaine and marijuana, with more large outdoor grows • Methamphetamine, and more mobile “shake and bake” meth labs Herman Silva

  6. Prominent Drug Problems and Trends in Region II-MJTF • Much of the Navajo Nation and reservation land has minimal law enforcement presence • NM Region II Task Force investigates drug-related crimes in the county and the portion of the Navajo Nation within the county. • Primarily drug use, domestic violence, and youth issues. • The Task Force collaborates with other agencies to develop trend analyses and correlate community concerns with drug trafficking and substance abuse issues. Herman Silva

  7. Drug Trends in Region II-MJTF • Methamphetamine largest problem in San Juan County. • A great percentage of violent crime, gang violence, and property crime is attributed to meth sales and use. • Gang violence is a big concern • local DTOs are using gang members for sales and protection. Herman Silva

  8. Drug Trends in Region V-MJTF • Methamphetamine and crack pose the largest problems. • Corresponding rise in crime. • Meth and crack are easily obtained • Many individuals make their own crack, which has increased the flow of cocaine Herman Silva

  9. Drug Trends in Region VI-MJTF • Methamphetamine continues to be the most widely abused and distributed drug in Region VI • Seeing an increase in prescription drug fraud and diversion Herman Silva

  10. Drug Trends in Region VI-MJTF • The problem is more serious in Chaves County • drug abuse and drug trafficking are cited as the primary cause for both violent and nonviolent crimes. • The Task Force overtly pressures drug houses, forcing dealers to change methods, and relocate. • The TF works to prosecute convicted felons with firearms. • Both of these tactics have resulted in a visible improvement in the quality of life in the area. Herman Silva

  11. Drug Trends in Region VII-MJTF • The biggest drug concerns vary in the Region • Silver City Police identified meth, followed by marijuana, as significant threats to the community. • Socorro reports heroin is the largest problem, followed by meth and crack cocaine. • Las Cruces-State Police Office cites cocaine, marijuana, and meth as the greatest problems Herman Silva

  12. Drug Trends: Region VII • Gang-related violence has been reported in and around the community of Anthony • Many of these individuals are also involved in drug trafficking. • The Immigration and Customs Office reports that 15-20% of illegal deportable convicted felons use a previous home address in Anthony, NM. Herman Silva

  13. Drug Trends: Region VII • Drug and gang problems are also present in Deming, Anthony, Sunland Park, Las Cruces, and Silver City • Two known gangs involved in drug trafficking and traditional-gang related criminal activity. Herman Silva

  14. Drug Trends: NM State Police • State Police focus on IMPACT operations, which generally address quality of life issues, including violent crimes, narcotics, property crimes, and outstanding warrants • In the previous fiscal year, NMSP conducted 202 intelligence-led IMPACT operations throughout the State. Herman Silva

  15. SWIFT: Southwest Investigative Fugitive Team • Established to locate and capture outstanding violent crime and narcotics-related fugitives across the State. • Bernalillo, Doña Ana, Santa Fe, and San Juan Counties alone have thousands of outstanding felony warrants. Herman Silva

  16. SWIFT • SWIFT members have seen a distinct overlap in violent crime, gang activity, and drug trafficking in New Mexico • A large percentage of repeat offenders are involved in these activities. • SWIFT initiated 1,388 felony arrests, conducted 33 multi-agency fugitive roundups, and conducted the first roundup in their new partnership with San Juan County in FY-2008-09. Herman Silva

  17. Crime Rates in New Mexico • New Mexico’s violent crime rate was 30% higher than that of the U.S. • The murder rate in New Mexico is 25% higher than the U.S. • The aggravated assault rate is 58% higher than the rate for the nation. Herman Silva

  18. 2007 Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey Report YRRS Report (30 Day) • In the period from 2005-2006, ages 12-17, New Mexico reports the highest usage, with rates 17% higher than the national rate. • For the same age group, New Mexico saw a 5% increase from the first reporting period to the second. Herman Silva

  19. 2007 YRRS Report (30 Day) • Usage rates in the 18-25 group increased 14% in New Mexico from 2005-2006 to 2006-2007 • An increase surpassed only by Arizona, while all other compared areas experienced decreases in use. Herman Silva

  20. 2007 YRRS Report Marijuana Use • In 2005-2006 and 2007-2008, ages 12-17, New Mexico reports the highest rates of marijuana use. • Usage in New Mexico increased 11% from the first period to the second. • With the exception of Colorado, all other states in the nation saw reductions between these periods. Herman Silva

  21. 2007 YRRS Report Marijuana Use • From 2005-2006, New Mexico’s rate of use was 13% higher than the national rate • from 2006-2007, it was 24% higher than the national rate. Herman Silva

  22. Drug-Induced Death Rates New Mexico and U.S., 1990-2008* Data Sources: US: CDC Wonder; NM: Vital Records and Health Statistics, NMDOH Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. *2007-08 data are preliminary Herman Silva

  23. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Type of Drug: New Mexico 1990-2008 Note: Groups are not mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. n=4,063 Herman Silva

  24. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Type of Drug: New Mexico 1990-2008 Note: Groups are mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. n=4,063 Herman Silva

  25. Unintentional Drug-Specific Overdose Death Rates: New Mexico 1990-2008 Note: Specific drugsare not mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. n=4,063 Herman Silva

  26. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Race/Sex Strata, New Mexico, 1990-2008 Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  27. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by the Most Common Drug Type Combinations New Mexico, 1990-2008 Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  28. Unintentional Rx Opioid Poisoning Death Rates by Schedule New Mexico, 1990-2008 Note: Specific drugsare not mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  29. Unintentional Prescription Opioid Overdose Death Rates by Race/Sex Strata New Mexico, 1990-2008 Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  30. Unintentional Heroin Overdose Death Rates by Race/Sex Strata New Mexico, 1990-2008 Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  31. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Types of Illicit Drugs Causing Death: New Mexico and Regions, 2006-2008 Deaths per 100,000 persons Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  32. Unintentional Overdose Death Rates by Types of Prescription Drugs Causing Death: New Mexico and Regions, 2006-2008 Deaths per 100,000 persons Note: Specific drugs are not mutually exclusive Data Source: The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator Rates are age-adjusted to the 2000 US Standard Population. Herman Silva

  33. Primary Substance of Abuse at Treatment Admission: New Mexico, 2008 n=10,878 Source: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services Department, as of May 2009 Herman Silva

  34. Heroin: Number of Treatment Admissions and Overdose Deaths*, New Mexico 2000-2008 * ME data were multiplied by 10 in order to compare with treatment admissions Data Sources: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services Department, as of May 2009; The New Mexico Office of the Medical Examiner Herman Silva

  35. Route of Administration for Primary Drugs: New Mexico, 2008 Cocaine/crack, n=635 Heroin, n=647 Methamphetamine, n=476 Source: Behavioral Health Services Division, NM Human Services Department, as of May 2009 Herman Silva

  36. PRIMARY DRUG BY ESTATE, NORTHERN BORDER, 2008 *, Mexico Crystal 38.9% Heroin 36.3% Crystal 32.4% Heroin 32.2% Heroin 21.2% Cocaine 28.9% Alcohol 25.6% Alcohol 22.8% Crack 41.2% * First semester Alcohol 17.8% Crack 30.9% Source: SISVEA. Non Governmental Treatment Centers, DGE/SSA.2008 Cocaine 17.4% N = 13,210 Herman Silva

  37. New Mexico Meth Data OMI Data: • Meth overdose death rates per 100,000 (age adjusted) • 1.7 deaths per 100,000 in 2007 • 1.1 death per 100,000 in 2008 • Meth death rate per 100,000 (age-adjusted) • by Public Health Region, 2006-2008: • NM 1.5 • NW 1.4 • NE 0.5 • Bern 1.7 • SE 2.9 • SW 1.1 Herman Silva

  38. New Mexico Meth DataHospitalizations Amphetamine-related inpatient hospitalizations (HIDD) Number of Hospitalizations Per Year. 2004 2005200620072008 230 322 171 163 133 These data are solely primary diagnosis but meth related hospitalizations are likely frequent among secondary diagnosis due to the context of use. For instance, a primary diagnosis might be an injury but meth was involved so it was listed as a secondary diagnosis. Herman Silva

  39. New Mexico Meth DataYouth Risk and Resiliency SurveyYRRS Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey, grades 9-12 200320052007 Meth use, past 30 Days 7.3% 4.6% 4.4% (ranked 3rd in the U.S. 2007) Herman Silva

  40. Methamphetamine Labs Seized/Clean-Ups in New Mexico *2008 preliminary data through March 2008 Herman Silva

  41. OptumHealth New Mexico Responsibilities • Establish and maintain a continuum of evidenced based behavioral health services. Herman Silva

  42. Rural Law Enforcement Methamphetamine Initiative (RLEMI): • Meth Coordinator’s Position • Addressing the unique challenges of rural jurisdictions in fighting methamphetamine production, distribution, and abuse. • Development, in partnership with Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation (PIRE), of a statewide methamphetamine assessment to identify system strengths and barriers to be addressed; Herman Silva

  43. Meth Coordinator’s Position • Sponsorship of a full state methamphetamine team to attend the National Rural Methamphetamine Summit, taking place June 2010 • Creation and implementation of a state methamphetamine action plan Herman Silva

  44. Drug Enforcement Advisory Council (DEAC) • To provide policy guidance concerning illicit drug issues and to provide oversight of the Federal Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) annual funding • Administered and distributed by the Department of Public Safety • To combat drug trafficking, gangs, and violent criminal activity. • The DEAC is charged with the additional task of preparing a Statewide Drug Strategy. Herman Silva

  45. What Makes New Mexico Susceptible to Gangs? • NM ranks 36th in the nation with population of 1.8 million • NM ranks 12th in the nation for fastest growing population; • NM ranks 50th in number of children living in poverty (27.5%); • New Mexico is considered untouched territory and ripe for gangs and their drug activity. • Close proximity to the Mexican border • Three ports of entry (Antelope Wells, Santa Teresa, Columbus); • North American Free Trade Agreement • Geography Herman Silva

  46. New Mexico Gang Task ForceNMGTF • In their 2005 National Gang Threat Assessment, the National Alliance of Gang Investigators Association (NAGIA),, recommended the implementation of the following: • Federal Role in the Gang Problem • Gang Denial • Law Enforcement Intelligence sharing • Gang Definitions • Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) of Gang Activity • Correctional Intelligence • Gang-Related Training • Legislation • Gang Officers • Community Response These recommendations will greatly enhance the ability of law enforcement and communities to effectively address the gang problem Herman Silva

  47. The National Youth Gang Survey estimates that approximately 788,000 gang members and 27,000 gangs were active in the U.S. in 2007.  (Highlights of the 2007 National Youth Gang Survey, U.S. Department of Justice, April 2009)  • According to the 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, approximately 1 million gang members belonging to more than 20,000 gangs were criminally active in all 50 states and the District of Columbia as of September 2008. Herman Silva

  48. Documented Gang Members Herman Silva

  49. New Mexico Gang Threat Assessment • Additionally, almost 78% of law enforcement report the gang problem as getting worse when compared to 10 years ago and 69% identify the problem as worse that 5 years ago. Furthermore, 59% believe the problem to have been worse than it was just one year prior. • 74% of service providers report the gang problem as getting worse when compared to 10 years ago and 79% identify the problem as worse that 5 years ago. Furthermore, 68% believe the problem tohave been worse than it was just one year prior. Herman Silva

  50. Comprehensive Gang Model INTERVENTION Intelligence Probation Legislation Community Residents Human Services Community Based Agencies Housing Business PREVENTION Family Support State, Local, Fed. Programs Local Government Churches Neighborhood Watch Schools Media SUPPRESSION Law Enforcement Corrections Parole Prosecution Courts Herman Silva

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