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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Proposal of the Hybrid L2 Routing for IEEE 802.15.10 Date Submitted: 14 July, 2014

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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

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  1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title:Proposal of the Hybrid L2 Routing for IEEE 802.15.10 Date Submitted: 14 July, 2014 Source: Sangjae Lee, Jaehwan Kim, Sangsung Choi (ETRI), Jae-Beom Kim, Young-Bae Ko (Ajou Univ.), and Soo-Young Chang (SYCA) Company: ETRI, Ajou Univ., and SYCA Address: 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, KOREA Voice: +82-42-860-1572, FAX: +82-42-860-5218, E-Mail: leestrike@etri.re.kr Re: Abstract: Aproposal for the IEEE 802.15 TG10 Recommended Practice to propose L2 Routing to be applied for IEEE 802.15.4 especially cluster-Tree and TVWS multi-channel Tree PAN topology. Purpose: Response to the IEEE802.15 TG10 call for final proposal Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

  2. IEEE 802.15.10 Layer 2 Routing • General requirements • Compatible with IEEE 802.15 family protocols • Multi-hop relay, self-healing, self-configuration, and self-optimization • Support for commercial automation, control services and similar applications • Functional requirements • Route establishment • Dynamic route discovery and reconfiguration • Discovery and addition of new nodes • Breaking of established routes • Loss and recurrence of routes • Real time gathering of link status • Allowing for single hop appearance at the network layer (by not breaking standard L3 mechanisms) • Support of broadcast, multicast, and many-to-one

  3. Topologies of IEEE 802.15.4 (1/2) • Star and peer-to-peer topologies

  4. Topologies of IEEE 802.15.4 (2/2) • Cluster tree network

  5. Topology of IEEE 802.15.4m • Cluster tree network with TMCTP

  6. Hybrid Layer 2 Routing • Proactive routing • Enabling routes between a PAN coordinator and coordinators. • Making all devices know routes heading from and to an PAN coordinator. • Using PAN coordinator announcement (PANN) and PAN coordinator announcement reply (PANN-RP) control messages. • Reactive routing • Enabling routes between PAN nodes each of which exists in same or different PANs. • Using P2P route request (PREQ) and P2P route reply (PREQ-RP) control messages.

  7. Addition of Control Messages • New control messages • added in existing IEEE 802.15.4 command frame by using additional command frame identifiers. Original MAC command frame format Proactive control messages Reactive control messages

  8. Proactive Routing • PAN coordinator Announcement (PANN) message • PANN is a single or multichannel broadcast message, which is broadcasted through the entire assigned channels of the network. • The PAN coordinator first starts sending a PANN message to the network. • Coordinators receiving the PANN message from the PAN coordinator re-broadcast it through all channels assigned to them. • PAN coordinator Announcement Reply (PANN-RP) message • PANN-RP is a single channel unicast message, which is transmitted to the selected PANN sender node. • Coordinator that received a PANN message sends PANN-RP including information on PAN nodes associated with it.

  9. An Example of Proactive Routing in TMCTP 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} PAN coordinator/Concentrator 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} established route PANN flooding PANN-RP ofa PAN-C PAN-C 1,2* 1,2* 1,2* PAN node 2,3* 2,3* 2,3* 3,5* 3,5* 3,5* 3,4* 3,4* 3,4* PANN-RP PANN Established Route Maintenance interval PAN-C: PAN coordinator

  10. Frame Format of PANN • When a PAN coordinator receives several PANN messages, it can decide the most effective route using hop counts or another routing metric. • Using L2R capability field, the PAN coordinator can inform all devices of whether supporting TMCTP or not. By changing this field value, original IEEE 802.15.4 can also be supported.

  11. Inactive Overhead Aware Link Metric • A link cost is calculated using channel access overhead, inactive duration overhead and link error rate of the link. • Using gap between BO and SO, PAN coordinators can select a route that has smaller inactive duration.

  12. Frame Format of PANN-RP • Using PAN status field, a PAN coordinator or child-PAN coordinator can inform its parent coordinator of whether supporting TMCTP or inter-PAN communication or not. • The PANN-RP includes extended addresses of the PAN nodes that are associated with it.

  13. Routing Table • By exchanging PANN (PREQ) and PANN-RP (PREQ-RP) messages, the PAN coordinator and PAN coordinators update their routing table. • Using the routing table, a PAN coordinator that receives a data packet forwards the packet to another PAN coordinator based on the next hop address if the PAN coordinator is not the destination. • L2R status field represents node type and route information.

  14. An Example of Updating Routing Table PAN 1 CH 1 CH List{1,2,3} 06 PAN coordinator routing table PAN coordinator 01 PAN 2 04 1, 2* 02 07 05 PAN-C 1 03 2, 3* 08 PAN-C 2 0b PAN-C 1 routing table 09 PAN node 0a PAN 3 Status field: 79 Status field: 127 PAN-C 2 routing table

  15. Message Sequence between PAN coordinator and child coordinator • PANN broadcasting • Transmitted by PAN coordinator or gateway • PANN is broadcasted periodically with a specific interval. • PANN rebroadcasting (or forwarding) is only performed by PAN coordinators. • PANN-RPtransmission • Transmitted by PAN coordinators • PANN-RP is transmitted when a PAN coordinator receives PANN. • PANN-RP includes addresses of all PAN nodes in a PAN.

  16. Message Sequence between Parent coordinator and Child coordinator • PANN re-broadcasting • The parent coordinator, which has multiple channels, re-broadcasts received PANN message through entire channels. • PANN-RPtransmission • When a parent coordinator receives a PANN-RP message from its childcoordinator, it forwards the message using uplink channel.

  17. Proactive Route Discovery in TMCTP

  18. Reactive Routing • P2P route request (PREQ) message • A PAN node can send a PREQ to find a route to the destination node. • The PREQ can be flooded by entire nodes in the network using single or multiple channels. • P2P route request reply (PREQ-RP) message • If a destination node receives an PREQ, it sends an PREQ-RP through the route on which the PREQ is delivered.

  19. An Example of Reactive Routing 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} 1 CL{1,2,3,4,5} 1,2* 1,2* 1,2* PAN node 2,3* 2,3* 2,3* 3,5* 3,5* 3,5* Source Source Source 3,4* 3,4* 3,4* Destination Destination Destination Route PREQ-RP (multi-channel route reply) PREQ (multi-channel route request) PREQ-RP PREQ Established Route

  20. Frame Format of PREQ • Original source and destination addresses are included in the MAC header. • Transmitter’s extended address is forwarder’s address. For example, if a PAN coordinator receives an PREQ, it sets this field to its own extended address and forwards the message. • Request status is used to inform nodes of requester’s route requirements.

  21. Frame Format of PREQ-RP • In the MAC header, source and destination addresses of PREQ become destination and source addresses of PREQ-RP.

  22. Message SequenceUsing PREQ and Direct Reply • Source node sends PREQto find a route to destinationnode. • If a PAN coordinator receivesthe PREQ, it looks up destination address of PREQ and checks whether the destination node is associated or not. • If the PAN coordinator finds the destination node, then directly transmits the PREQ-RP.

  23. Message SequenceUsing PREQ Broadcasting • If a destination node is not a PAN node, then the PAN coordinator re-broadcasts the received PREQ using TMCTP channels. • If the PAN coordinator finds the destination node, then it transmits an PREQ-RP to the node which transmitted the PREQ.

  24. Reactive Route Discovery in TMCTP

  25. Simulation Environment (1/2) • MAC/PHY • IEEE 802.15.4m • Slotted CSMA/CA (CAP only) • Beacon based synchronization and association response and request • Frequency and modulation: 2.4GHz O-QPSK • Data rate: 250Kb/s

  26. Simulation Environment (2/2) • Topology • 1 PAN coordinator • 8 PAN coordinators in a network • 11 devices in a PAN • Data traffic • Packet size: 100 bytes • Interval: 15 sec • Source nodes: PCs and PAN devices • Destination node: PAN coordinator PAN coordinator/Gateway PAN coordinator PAN node

  27. Performance Evaluation Results • When total number of nodes is 108 with proactive routing • Packet delivery ratio is about 97%. • Packet delay is less than 1.65 sec for 3 hop communication.

  28. Q/A

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