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Chapitre 8 Hierarchie des mémoires

Chapitre 8 Hierarchie des mémoires. Relative cost per bit. Central memories. 1000. Peripheral memories. 1. Access. time. -8. -7. -6. -5. -4. -3. -2. -1. 0. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. S. Cost of Memory. Peripheral. memories. Memory Hierarchy. Speed.

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Chapitre 8 Hierarchie des mémoires

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  1. Chapitre 8 Hierarchie des mémoires

  2. Relative cost per bit Central memories 1000 Peripheral memories 1 Access time -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 S Cost of Memory

  3. Peripheral memories Memory Hierarchy Speed Registers CPU Cache Central Memory Disk Cache Disks CD/ROM Archival Stores Size (log scale)

  4. Cache principle Cache M E M O R Y CPU

  5. Fully Associative Cache =? =? =? Page Number =? Page Number =? =? =? =? Word number within page Data

  6. Fully Mapped Cache Page Number =? Page Number Word number within page Data Set Number

  7. Set Associative Cache =? Page Number =? Page Number Data Set Number Word number within page

  8. Memory Management Logical Addresses Memory Management System Physical Addresses

  9. Memory Segmentation Segment d Segment a Segment c Physical Memory Segment b

  10. Segment Table Logical Address Segment Number Offset > + int. Physical Memory r/w Seg.length Seg.addr. Segment Table

  11. Pagination Logical Memory Physical Memory

  12. Page Table Logical Address Page Number Offset int. Physical Memory r/w Pag.Nbr. Page Table

  13. Two levels page tables Logical Address Page Nbr.high Page Nbr.low Offset Physical Memory Page Table High Page Tables low

  14. Expanded Memory in PC’s Expanded Memory (16 K pages) Central Memory

  15. Virtual Memory Logical Address Page Number Offset Mem.prot.int. Central Memory Page fault int. p/c r/w Pag.Nbr. Page Table Peripheral Memory

  16. Demand Paging Progress of program inst.n-2 inst.n-1 inst.n inst.n+1 Page Fault Missing page is being loaded in central memory by OS. Interrupted program resumes time

  17. Segmentation & Pagination Logical Address Segment Nbr. Page Nbr. Offset Physical Memory Segment Table Page Tables

  18. Translate Look Aside Buffer Logical Address Segment Nbr. Page Nbr. Offset Page Fault Interrupt =? Log.Segment&Page Nbr. Ph.Page Nbr. =? Physical Memory =? =? Software Segment Table Peripheral Memory Page Tables

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