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Anthropometry Calculations in Nutrition

Anthropometry Calculations in Nutrition. Nutrition: NURS 1115. Conversion. NB: From a larger unit to a smaller unit multiple. From a smaller unit to a larger unit divide. BMI calculations. Weight (kg)/Height(m 2 ) John weighs 5 kg and is .5 m tall. What is his BMI? Answer = 5/ .5 * .5

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Anthropometry Calculations in Nutrition

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  1. Anthropometry Calculations in Nutrition Nutrition: NURS 1115

  2. Conversion NB: From a larger unit to a smaller unit multiple. From a smaller unit to a larger unit divide.

  3. BMI calculations • Weight (kg)/Height(m2) John weighs 5 kg and is .5 m tall. What is his BMI? Answer • = 5/ .5 * .5 • = 5/ 0.25= 20kg/m2

  4. BMI calculations • Weight(lbs)/ Height (inches2) * 703 • Peter weighs 180 lbs and is six feet tall. Calculate his BMI? Answer • =180/ (72 *72)* 703 • =180/5184 * 703 • = 0.0347* 703 • =24.39 lbs/inches2 http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html

  5. Caloric Requirements- BMR • Harris Benedict Formula • Women: BMR = 655 + ( 9.6 x weight in kilos ) + ( 1.8 x height in cm ) - ( 4.7 x age in years ) • Men: BMR = 66 + ( 13.7 x weight in kilos ) + ( 5 x height in cm ) - ( 6.8 x age in years )

  6. Calculating BMR for Women: An Example • 20 year old Shuana weighs 54kg, and is 1.2 m tall. Calculate her BMR. • BMR= 655+ (9.6 * 54) + (1.8 * 120) – (4.7 * 20) • 655+ (518.4)+(216)- (94) • = 1389.4-94 • =1295.4 calories

  7. Calculating BMR for Men: An Example • 22 year old Shuan weighs 68kg, and is 1.6 m tall. Calculate his BMR. • BMR= 66 + (13.7 x 68) + (5 x 160) - (6.8 x 22) • = 66+ (931.6)+ (800)-(149.6) • =1797.6-149.6 • =1648 calcories

  8. Calculating Physical Activity Level • Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)/ Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

  9. Calculating Physical Activity Level • If Sharon total energy expenditure for the last 24 hours is 1836.5 kcal and her BMR is 1479.8 kcal what is her PAL? Categorise her PAL. • PAL= TDEE/BMR • = 1836.5/1479.8 • = 1.24 • PAL category: Low active

  10. Calculating Total Daily Energy Requirement • Caloric Requirement- BMR * PAL Shari has a BMR of 1524 kcal/day and is moderately active. How much calories must she take in per day to meet her caloric requirements TER= 1524*1.55 = 2362.22 kcal

  11. Atwater factors

  12. Calculating energy contributions- Macronutrients • Each 2gram dumpling consists of 0.5 g of carb and 0.3 g of protein and 0.1 g of fat. • Kerry consumes 3 ½ dumplings, 2 grams of salt fish prepared in 2.25 grams of oil. • She drinks a bottle of “Sprout juice” which reads 25 grams of carbs and 30 grams of protein, and total fat is 13g per serving.

  13. Calculating energy contributions- Macronutrients • Each bottle contains 1.5 servings. • Calculate the number of calories Kerry receives from fat, carbohydrates, and protein and the total caloric intake for that meal.

  14. Energy from carbohydrates Answer • Carb= 3.5 * 0.5 from dumpling= 1.75 g • From juice= 25 * 1.5= 37.5 g • Add all carbs consumed= 1.75 + 37.5= 39.25 g • Energy from carb= 39.25g * 4kcal/ 1 g= • 157 kcal/g

  15. Energy from Fats • Fat from dumpling= 3.5 * 0.1= 0.35g • Fat from oil= 2.25 g • Fat from juice= 13g • Add all the fat contribution= 0.35g + 2.25g+ 13g= 15.6g • Energy from fat = 15.6g * 9kcal/1 g= 140.4 kcal

  16. Energy from Protein • Protein from dumpling = 3.5 * 0.3g= 1.05g • Protein from juice = 30g* 1.5= 45g • Add all the protein contribution= 1.05g + 45 g= 46.05g • Energy from Protein= 46.05g * 4Kcal/1 g= 184.2 kcal

  17. Total Energy consumed • Total energy consumed= sum of fat, protein and carbohydrate energy contribution • = 184.2kcal+ 140.4 kcal+ 157kcal • = 481.6 kcal

  18. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) for adults • Step 1. BMI Score 0= > 20 1= 18.5 -20.0 2=< 18.5 Step 2. Unplanned weight loss score 0=<5% 1= 5-10% 2=>10%

  19. MUST • If wt or ht cannot be established, use documented or recalled values. • If none of the values can be obtained: Use clinical impression (very thin, thin, obese) and mid-upper arm circumference (<23.5 cm- thin) & (>32 cm = obese)

  20. MUST • Wt change: clothes, jewelry loose-fitting =wt loss, or too tight=wt gain • History of decreased food intake, loss of appetite or dysphagia over 3-6 months

  21. MUST • Underlying disease or psychosocial/physical disabilities likely to cause wt change • Acute disease with negligible intake

  22. MUST • Step 3. Acute disease score: 2 = none or negligible intake for >5 days • Step 4. Add the scores to calculate overall risk of malnutrition 0 = low risk: routine clinical care 1 = medium risk: observe 2 or more= high risk: treat

  23. Calculations of MUST score • Jemma is 20 years old and weighed 45kg last month and now weighs 41 kg. He is 155 cm tall. He has had little appetite for the last month and has stage 3 cancer. Calculate his MUST score. • Step 1 • BMI= 45/1.55 * 1.55= • 45/2.4025 • 18.73kg/m2

  24. Calculations of MUST score • Step 2 • Percentage weight loss: • Current percentage of usual weight- 41/45 *100= 91.11 • Percentage weight loss- 100- 91.11= 8.89 % • Step 3 • Disease score= 2 • Step 4 compute the scores • BMI score= 1 • Weight loss score= 1 • Disease score= 2 • Total score= 4 • Recommendation • High Risk-Treat

  25. Calculating Waist Hip Ratio • Waist (unit)/hip (unit) • NB units must be the same • WHR is the ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hip • Recommendations • WHO STEPS states that abdominal obesity is defined as a waist–hip ratio above 0.90 for males and above 0.85 for females and increased cardiovascular risk

  26. Calculating Waist Hip Ratio • Freta has a waist circumference of 32 cm and a hip circumference of 14.96 in • What is her WHR and your recommendations for her? • WHR = WC/HC in same unit • Convert HC- cm= 14.96 in* 2.54cm/ 1 in= 38 cm • Divide WC by HC=32/38 • = 0.84 • Low cardiovascular risk (normal)

  27. Caloric intake from IV administration Nurse Joy is caring for critically ill Koju. Koju is ordered to receive 20% DW in 500 mls and 1L requirement. • How many calories is Kojureceiving daily? How many bags of fluid are needed to meet a requirement of 1600 kcal? • Volume of Dextrose in 500ml bag- 20/100 * 500= 100mls • 1ml = 1g Thus 100mls dextrose = 100g dextrose • Number of calories provided by each bag of DW= volume of dextrose per * 4kcal • = 100 * 4kcal= 400kcal • Number of calories in 1L= • conversion of L= mls • 1L = 1000mls

  28. Caloric intake from IV administration • Number of 500ml bag in 1L= 1000/500= 2 • Multiply number of bags by kcals per bag= 2* 400kcal= 800 kcals • Answer to number of calories that Koju is receiving daily= 800 kcals Ques 2.- Bags of fluid needed to meet 1600 kcal requirement • Divide TEE by calories per bag= 1600kcal/ 400kcal *1 bag= 4 bags • Convert bags to mls= 1 bag = 500mls • Thus 4 bags = 500 mls* 4bags/ 1 ml= 2000mls • Convert to L= 2000ml/ 1000ml * 1L= 2L

  29. Caloric Intake_ Macronutrients • Square has a TEE of 1850 kcal per day? What is the expected contribution of the three macronutrients; using the ratio of carbs – 55%, protein- 30%, fats- 15%. • Carb= 1850* 55/100= 1017.5 kcal • Protein= 1850 * 30/100= 555 kcal • Fats= 1850 * 15/100= 277.5 kcal • Total= ( 1017.5 + 555 + 277.5) kcal= 1850 Kcal

  30. Caloric Intake_ Macronutrients • Paige has a TEE of 1920 Kcal/d? What mass of macronutrients should she consume to meet RDA; using RDA values of 55% carb, 30% protein & 15% fats. • Mass of Carbs required for 1 day • Carb= 1920 kcal * 55/100= 1056 kcal • Kcal to gram= 1056/ 4 kcal * 1 g= 264 g • Mass of Protein required for 1 day • Protein= 1920* 30/100= 576 kcal • Kcal to gram= 576/ 4kcal * 1g= 144 g • Mass of Fats required for 1 day • Fat= 1920 * 15/100= 288 kcal • Kcal to gram= 288/9 kcal * 1g= 32 g

  31. Calculating Ideal weight • Usual • Frame size can be estimated using wrist circumference, or elbow breadth measurement.

  32. Growth charts and assessment of children • James is 6 months old and weighs 6.5 kg and is 22 cm tall. Using the growth chart for boys identify his percentile: • Weight for age • Weight for length • Length for age • BMI for age – weight for length for age • Growth Charts\L_A and W_A growth charts (Boys).pdf • Growth Charts\W_L growth charts.pdf

  33. References • Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html • Xuereb, G. C. (2004). Healthy eating for better living: A manual on nutrition and HIV/AIDS for healthcare workers in the Caribbean. Cajanus, 37(4): 171-224. Retrieved from www.paho.org/cfni • Retrieved from http://www.who.int/childgrowth/en

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