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Anthropometry

Anthropometry. Growth increments, the difference between initial and follow-up measurements, reflect recent growth rate(growth velocity) and are sensitive indicators of health and development.

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Anthropometry

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  1. Anthropometry

  2. Growth increments, the difference between initial and follow-up measurements, reflect recent growth rate(growth velocity) and are sensitive indicators of health and development.

  3. The trends revealed through serial anthropometric data can be used to track the growth of an individual child, detect growth abnormalities, monitor nutritional status, and evaluate the effect of nutritional intervention or the treatment of disease.

  4. Measurement of growth may also be used as an index of the general health and nutrition of a population or subpopulation of children.

  5. Key points • Serial measurement (longitudinal data) • Training personnel • Be made accurately • To be recorded

  6. Indicators of measurement Weight Height (Length) Sitting height Head circumference Chest circumference

  7. Weight measurement Instruments

  8. Balance beam scale upright scale Pan-type pediatric scale Chair -type pediatric scale Platform beam scale

  9. The choiceof Balance beam scales Pan-type

  10. Techniques Calibrated balance beam scale : Checking and adjustment of the zero weight on the beam The weight of the pad or diaper will be subtracted from the weight of the infant Be performed in the morning after toilet time and before the morning meal. Notes the circumstance of measurement

  11. Height measurement Instruments

  12. movable footboard fixed headboard table surface a fixed measuring tape marked in millimeters with its zero end at the edge of the headboard Length-measuring device

  13. A guide for right-angle headboard Measuring board for standing height (or nonstretchable tape)

  14. Techniques

  15. Recumbent length is measured for children younger than 36 months of age who cannot stand unassisted. Tow people are required to measure an infant’s length.

  16. One person stands at the head of the table and holds the infant’s head so the infant is looking vertically upward, with the crown of the head placed firmly against the headboard. < 3 years of age Key points: hold firmly against the headboard

  17. The another person straighten the infant’s legs, holds the feet with toe pointed directly up, move the footboard firmly against the feet, then reads the measurement indicated by the position of the footboard(the nearest 0.1cm). Key points: straighten the infant’s legs holds the feet with toe pointed directly up

  18. over 3 years of age Underclothes Stand with bare heels Heels close together Legs straight Arms at the sides Shoulders relaxed (the nearest 0.1cm)

  19. SEGMENTAL MEASUREMENTS Sitting height The ratio of upper to lower segment

  20. < 3 years of age Instruments Measuring board with a chairs for sitting height over 3 years of age

  21. Techniques

  22. One person stands at the head of the table and holds the infant’s head so the infant is looking vertically upward, with the crown of the head placed firmly against the headboard.

  23. The another person holds the infant’s knees to made the shanks parallel the table surface,move the footboard firmly against the buttocks, then reads it (the nearest 0.1cm).

  24. Sit tight Arms at the sides Shoulders relaxed Heels close together Thighs parallel the ground Shanks with the thighs perpendicularly (the nearest 0.1cm) over 3 years of age

  25. Measurement of Head circumference H.C measurement is an important screening procedure to detect abnormalities of heard growth, which usually are due to nonnutritional factors.

  26. Head circumference should be measured routinely in infants and children until they are 36 months of age.

  27. Instruments Flexible, nonstretchable measuring paper or plastic tape

  28. Techniques The circumference of the child’s head at its largest area The measurer positions the lower edge of the tape just above the eye-brows, above the ears, and around the occipital prominence at the back of the head . The tape should be pulled snug to compress the hair.

  29. Measurement of Chest circumference Represents the development of lungs and chest

  30. At birth, chest circumference is slightly smaller than head circumference, about 1-2 cm. less. By the end of first year, chest circumference is nearly equal to head circumference, gradually the chest development is quicker than the head growth.

  31. Instruments Paper or plastic tape

  32. Techniques The circumference from the nipple to the shoulders angle. shoulders angle nipple

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