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PRESENTATION ON SUMMER INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT

PRESENTATION ON SUMMER INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT. Submitted to: Submitted by: Mr. Hitendra Bankoti Yuganter Rawat. CONTENTS. Introduction Over view at Haridwar Plant Layout of Block-3 Details of Bay 1(Assembly, Machine shop and OSBT)

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PRESENTATION ON SUMMER INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT

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  1. PRESENTATIONONSUMMER INDUSTRIAL TRAININGAT Submitted to: Submitted by:Mr. HitendraBankotiYuganterRawat

  2. CONTENTS • Introduction • Over view at Haridwar Plant • Layout of Block-3 • Details of Bay 1(Assembly, Machine shop and OSBT) • Details of Bay 2(Gas turbine section and rotor assembly) • Details of Bay 3(Governing and Broad specifications of major machines)[CNC & Non CNC] • Bay 4( Blade and Heat treatment shop)

  3. Introduction • BHEL is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise in India in the energy field today. It was established more than 40 years ago and has been earning the profits since 1971. • It has very wide network over 150 project sites, 8 service centers and 18 regional offices and Headquarters in New Delhi. More over it is one of the navratna of government of India. 75% of electricity in India is produced with the help of BHEL equipments.

  4. Overview at Haridwar plant • Vision :World class, innovative, competitive, and profitable engineering enterprise providing total business solutions. • Mission :The leading engineering enterprise providing quality product systems and services in the field of energy, transportation, infrastructure and other potential areas. • Manpower :Total strength is more than 10000 which includes around 3000 qualified engineers and technicians, 5200 skilled artisans and the rest in other categories.

  5. Layout of block :3

  6. THE SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE TURBINE ARRANGEMENT AS IN A POWER PLANT

  7. PART A: - Assembly • The final assembly of the turbine is done in bay 1. Main assembly parts: • 1. High pressure steam turbine • 2. Intermediate pressure steam turbine • 3. Low pressure steam turbine • 4. Bearing pedestals • 5. Control valves

  8. High pressure steam turbine:- • This is the smallest of the three turbines. It consists of two shells namely inner inner and outer outer. Inner inner part is the part on which guide blades are placed and outer outer part mainly works as a casing of the turbine. HP outer outer lower half is placed on bed and leveling is done; now upper half is assembled and alignment is done; now GBC is aligned with respect to centre. • Final alignment is checked and turbine is dispatched in the assembled conditions.

  9. Intermediate pressure turbine

  10. Intermediate pressure turbine • Capacity 210/250 MW • Main components • IP outer casing • Inner casing • GBC • Shaft seals • Rotor • Descriptions In outer casing, lower half is placed on bed and leveling is done. U/H is assembled and alignment is done now inner casing is placed and it is aligned with help of keys and pokers. Rotor is placed and alignment of rotor is done, now axial and radial gap between inner casing and rotor are checked (flow path). The studs are heat tightened to achieve elongation. Turbine is dispatched in assembled conditions.

  11. Low pressure turbine • Capacity 210/250/500MW • Main components: • LP inner outer • LP inner inner • LP outer outer • LP GBC • Rotor

  12. Descriptions • LP I/O lower half is placed on bed and leveling is done. Now upper half is assembled and alignment is done. Now GBC is aligned with respect to centre then GBC 2 and GBC 3 are aligned. Then inner core is aligned with help of adjustment pokers. • Now projection pipes are welded then diffusers are aligned. Final alignment is checked and turbine is dispatched in disassembled condition

  13. LP rotor of 500MW steam turbine

  14. Bearing pedestals • Front HP/IP/LP, 210/250/500MW pipelines are hydraulically tested. Then bearing is aligned with help of phins, and pinning is done. Assembly is completed and dispatched in assembled conditions. 14

  15. CV FOR 500MW STEAM TURBINE AT BHEL,HARIDWAR Valve seats are fitted in the casing by cooling in liquid oxygen. Pinning of seats is done, welding of nipples and flanges is done and then hydraulic testing with valves covers, now casing is sent for edge preparation and the color of valve assembly and valve seat is checked. Travel of valve is checked and locking is done. Then trial assembly of s/m is done. Valve is dispatched in assembled condition.

  16. PART B: - Heavy machine shop • In this, there are very costly and big machines which are used to carry operation on large parts of a turbine such as rotor, diffuser, casing etc. 1) Machine number 1-120 Center lathe machine CNC • Job: HP Rotor (on that time) • Operation: slotting • Specifications of the machine:- • Main spindle bore: - 150mm • Distance between centers: - 12000mm • Turning dia. Over bed cover: - 1400mm • Turning dia over carriage: - 1100mm

  17. 2) Machine number 1-28 Horizontal boring machine (Russian) • Operation performed: - tapping, threading,drilling, boring, facing, milling etc,except knurling • Specifications • Capacity: - 600mm (bore dia) • Weight capacity: - 40 tonne • Dia of spindle: - 150 mm

  18. PART C: - OSBT Over speed balancing tunnel : • This is the one of the most important section of the turbine block. Here after the complete checking of the rotor from the bay 1, rotor is bringing to get check it in the working conditions. Here we rotate our rotor in the vacuum condition on a very small film of oil consisting of some microns; here the oil is on very high pressure. Rotor is revolved on 3750 rpm, while in the operating conditions rotor revolves at 3000rpm (500mw). • The time being for which rotor is revolved is 3 minutes. The power required to rotate that much of heavy rotor is very high which comes from the high voltage line nearly of 11000 Volts, and the gear box with the synchronize motor is used to get accurate and desired speed

  19. Oil plays a very important role in the rotor checking the oil comes from the underground tanks having a capacity up to 30000 liters this is pumped with the help of large pumps and a large quantity of oil is supplied continuously so that oil film doesn’t break. Here we use a number of filters on many stages so that oil is checked out against dust particles or any foreign particles the attention is paid during this checking so that everything going OK. The full control of OSBT is done with help of control system which is in control room, each and every care is taken during the complete testing. The complete checking of rotor costs nearly 8 crore Rs. Which is a very high cost and after this testing if we find there is any loosening in the blades or any blade is out of its position then the department of OSBT sends the rotor to the BAY1 along with checking report and every effort is now put on the rotor so that it pass the checking in the OSBT only then rotor is assembled with the casing and dispatched. film doesn’t break.

  20. SYSTEM TO CREATE VACCUM FOR THE OSBT,AT BHEL HARDWAR

  21. Bay 2 PART A: -Gas turbine section The main thing that is done here is that the making of rotor for the gas turbine, the rotor of gas turbine is very different from that of the steam turbine, here the rotor is made in the form of discs and after that the complete rotor is made by joining the discs. On a simple disc firstly the grooves are cut on the broaching machine , very similar to the gear cutting process. Now after cutting one groove the indexing is done and the machine is ready to cut the another groove. after cutting the all grooves on the periphery of the disc now the process is done to make teethes on both the surfaces with the help of the grinding so that each disc should mesh all the teethes and proper joining and the alignment can be done, and similar process is done to all the other discs, now before assembling the all the discs an very important operation is done to check the accuracy of all the discs in meshing, and the operation is named as the Colour matching.

  22. Colour matching It is the process to check the complete meshing of the two joining parts here the part on which we have to join is colored and the mating part is put on it so that complete transfer of color on the other part could be done if there is not the equal distributions of the color on the second part then the portions are identified to be machined so that complete and accurate matching could be done. • Now after checking all the discs the blades are inserted in the respective grooves and now the shrink fitting of these discs is done on the solid shaft which would be passing from each disc thoroughly.

  23. Shrink It is the process of joining two parts, one part Is called male part and the other is called as female part, the party on which we have to insert other part is called as male part and another would be female part. • In this process the male part is cooled say in the liquid oxygen so that it contracts and the female part is expanded by heating and now both the parts are superimposed and are subjected to room temperature conditions and after some time both parts are tightly joined. Here in the gas turbine rotor the shaft is the male part and the discs are called female part. • In this way the complete rotor of the gas turbine is prepared and the testing of the rotor as in the case of steam turbine is carried out in the OSBT. fitting

  24. PART B: -Rotor assembly section In this section the rotor making is done for the steam turbine HP, LP, IP. For the any steam turbine firstly the rotor is in the form of the shaft, the procedure to make the complete rotor is explained here in the steps:- • The rotor shaft is placed on the centre lathe machine and turning and taper turning is done according to the provided drawings. • Then grooves cutting is done for the blades fixing on all over the length of the rotor accordingly as per in the drawing. • Now with the help of the crane the rotor is placed on the other machine on which rotor is just revolved to do the indexing. • Talking about one groove a extra portion is cut so that blades can be inserted in it easily. • Then a locking blade is fixed to get lock all the blades of one stage. Here unlike in gas turbine a single blade is fixed but in the GT each and every blade was fixed individually. • Sealing are placed on the portion in between two stages so that these sailings match with the same sealing made on the casing so that leaking of the fluid can be avoided from one stage to the other stage. • After doing all this work the rotor is now send to the Bay 1 so that final inspection and the checking in OSBT could be done and the finally rotor with proper alignment is assembled in the casing.

  25. Bay 3 Contents: - Governing section, light machine shop Section 1:- Governing section • Governing is the process of controlling the speed of the rotor so that we can get constant frequency under the fluctuating loads. This is done by controlling the amount of fluid going inside the turbine, means to say if the load is less that mean speed of the rotor would tends to increase then we make the less steam to enter inside so that rotor speed come to desired value. Opposite thing Is done in case of the heavy load when the speed of the turbine is less more steam is made to enter inside the turbine. To control this all, at the steam enterance we use an electronic and mechanical system which consists of oil pumps, servo motors pipes and many indicators on the valve mouth.

  26. Section 2:- Machine shop A. CNC machines • CNC LATHE • CNC MILLING MACHINE • CNC VERTICAL BORER • CNC SURFACE BROACHING M/C • CREEP FEED GRINDING M/C • BROACH SHARPENING M/C B. Non CNC machines PRECISION HEAVY DUTY LATHE

  27. Bay 4 Sections • 1. Turbine blade manufacturing. • 2. Heat treatment Blades of turbine:- • Blades are one of the most crucial parts of a turbine. Blades are fitted in the grooves .The shape of the blades is of aerofoil type

  28. There are two types of blades (i) Guide blades (ii) Moving blades • 1. Guide blades:-These blades are remained fixed during the motion of the runner so these are also called as fixed blades .These blades are fitted in the grooves in the casing. The sealing action is also done before putting the blades in the grooves so that during working conditions the leakage of fluid can be stopped. Guide blades are put in guide blade carriers. • 2. Moving blades:-As the name suggests these blades remain in moving condition for the whole life cycle of a turbine. They are arranged so that they become opposite to the direction of the fixed blades. This arrangement will help in striking of the fluid on more area of the moving blades and hence helps in I • Material for blades:- • For steam turbines we mainly use the chrome steel, steel with some % of V, W etc. • For some special type of gas turbines we import blades from other countries such as Germany, Russia etc. ncreasing the efficiency of the turbine.

  29. Importance of wrang in blade shop:- • Due to the aerofoil type of shape of the blades it is not easy to handle the blades when we are performing various operations on them, so a material with low melting point (100 deg. Cel.) is used for this purpose. For this a die is taken, the blade is put between the wrang and various machining operations are performed. To take the blades outside the die with blade, we put the die in boiling water, wrang melts and thus blade is taken outside.

  30. Working of blades:- The fluid coming from the boiler is highly energetic the guide blades which are also called as fixed blades Are arranged so that they are in oppposite direction to moving blades,it helps the maximum fluid to strike on the moving blades and increases the efficiency of turbine.

  31. THANK YOU……….

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