How to make a lot of flowers

1. How to make a lot of flowers Flower Reproduction

2. Some Basics • Like animals, some plants reproduce sexually and others asexually • Plants generally have two stages of life • Sporophyte: spores are made (spores are fertilized eggs, or plant babies) • Gametophyte: sex cells, both male and female, are made

3. There are 3 types of plants • Non-vascular • No specialized tissue for moving H20, nutrients • Vascular, Seedless • Special tissue, but no seeds (ex: Ferns) • Vascular, Seed • Gymnosperms (no flowers) • Angiosperms (flowers)

4. Non-Vasculars • Mosses often live grouped together • These are usually the first plants to grow in a new environment • When they die, a layer of thin new soil forms • Then, new plants can grow into the soil

5. Vascular, Seedless • Ferns usually grow in right after the mosses have formed their layer of soil • Like mosses, when they die, they also leave soil • Vascular, seedless plant remains form coal

6. Seed Plants • Seed plants include gymnosperms and angiosperms • Seeds surround and protect spores from the sporophyte stage • Gametophytes grow within these, as opposed to seedless plants where gametophytes grow on their own outside • While the sperm of seedless plants need water to move through to reach an egg, seed plants do not • Sperm inside pollen is transported by wind or animals

7. Vascular and Seed: Gymnosperms • Do NOT have flowers • Seeds, containing male sex cells, protected by cones • There are male and female cones • Fertilization is called pollination

8. Vascular and Seed: Angiosperms • Have flowers that help them reproduce • Wind and animals (like birds and bees) carry pollen from flower to flower • Cross-pollination • Fruits, or burrs, can grow around seeds • When animals eat the fruit, or carry the burrs they leave the fertilized seeds somewhere else

9. Can you explain how these reproduce?