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The Enlightenment: Rousseau & Beccaria

The Enlightenment: Rousseau & Beccaria. How do Rousseau & Beccaria influence western democracy?. Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712-1778, from France Wrote The Social Contract Influences: Majority rules voting Only good form of gov’t = freely formed by the people

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The Enlightenment: Rousseau & Beccaria

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  1. The Enlightenment:Rousseau & Beccaria How do Rousseau & Beccaria influence western democracy?

  2. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • 1712-1778, from France • Wrote The Social Contract • Influences: Majority rules voting • Only good form of gov’t = • freely formed by the people • guided by the will of the majority

  3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • “General Rule” • People may have to give up some freedom for the good of all of the people but minority have rights! • The agreement is known as the “Social Contract”

  4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Famous quote is “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains”. • Ideas help start the French Revolution

  5. Cesare Beccaria • 1738-1794, born in Italian States • Believed in a good system of justice • Wrote Crimes & Punishment • Influences Judicial Review & US Bill Of Rights “legal rights”

  6. Cesare Beccaria • We have laws/punishments to keep order not to avenge crimes • Punishment should be based on the seriousness of the crime • “The punishment should fit the crime” • NO cruelty/torture • Against capital punishment (death penalty) • Entitled to a fair & speedy trial • Judicial branches job to review laws against the constitution

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