Thought of the Day

1. Thought of the Day Identify the French estate system. What is a social class? How many were there in French society? What were the obligations of the people? Was one group treated worse than another? Why? Write 5 complete sentences.

2. The French Revolution

3. The French Revolution Begins - Feudalism established privileges & obligations of estates (status groups) 1st estate- Clergy (cardinals, bishops, etc.) paid no taxes 2nd estate- nobles (gov’t, military, law) paid no taxes 3rd estate- peasants & bourgeoisie (middle class- merchants, bankers, lawyers, & doctors) paid all taxes & upset with estate system Had to take drastic action against Louis XVI

4. The French Revolution Begins Prices of goods increase faster than wages Immediate cause of revolution: French budget on brink of collapsing Bad harvests in 1787 & 1788cause food shortages, food price to increase, & unemployment King continues to spend money on war & luxuries Money to help colonists against the British

5. From Estates General to National Assembly Louis calls meeting for Estates General to raise taxes 3rdEstate wanted constitutional government that would make other estates pay taxes too June 17, 1789- 3rd estate declared they were the National Assembly & would draft a constitution Deputies go to meeting, but doors were locked Moved meeting to indoor tennis court & swore to continue meeting until they had a new constitution (Tennis Court Oath)

6. End of Old Regime Peasant rebellion known as the Great Fear; Afraid foreign troops would get involved Aug. 4, 1789 National Assembly abolishes privileges of clergy & noble Adopt Declaration of the Rights of Man & the Citizens (inspired by English Bill of Rights & Enlightenment thinkers) “liberty, property, security, & resistance to oppression” All men free & equal under law, no group free from taxes, gov’t officials based on talent, freedom of speech & press

7. From Estates General to National Assembly Louis XVI prepared to use force on 3rd estate July 14,1789- 900 Parisians gather at Bastille (old fortress/armory) Bread costs increase; crowd mad & hungry Crowd gets ammo from Bastille; troops come Crowd destroys the Bastille Louis hears news & realizes they started a revolution; break out all over France

8. Declaration of the Rights of Young Adults & Students The Declaration of the Rights of Man & the Citizens declared freedom and liberties pursued by the French people. You will write your own Declaration of the Rights of Young Adults & Students. Step 1: List 10 rights you believe are basic to all students.

9. Declaration of the Rights of Young Adults & Students Step 2: In your group, discuss which rights you had that were similar and which ones were different. Decide which ones are more important and significant.

10. Declaration of the Rights of Young Adults & Students Step 3: Make a final draft as a group of the Declaration of the Rights of Young Adults & Students. You should have 10 rights.

11. Thought of the Day What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man & the Citizens? What rights does it identify? Do you feel that it is necessary to establish a document that outlines your rights? Why? Write 5 complete sentences.

12. The King Concedes Louis XVI stayed at Versailles & refused National Assembly laws Women go to Versailles with weapons to protest; children had no food! Louis accepts laws & bring flour to the people Louis & family flee, but are captured and taken to Paris National Assembly sells church lands to get money Call for National Convention to give all men right to vote Foreign countries threaten to intervene to help with economic conditions

13. Move to Radicalism In 1792, monarchy is over People attack palace; rumors spread that imprisoned nobles & traitors would defeat revolution Legislative Assembly calls National Convention to write new Constitution Officially abolish the monarchy & establish the French Republic Political groups emerge; Girondins wanted to keep king alive & Jacobins wanted to execute king January 21, 1793 execute Louis XVI

14. The Reign of Terror Girondins & Jacobins dispute over new Constitution; people want National Convention to control prices, & foreign troops built up against France In fear, National Convention gave power to Committee of Public Safety Led by George Danton & Maximilen Robespierre Reign of Terror were policies to execute revolutionaries & traitors Killed 16,000 people, sometimes entire cities

15. Republic of Virtue Robespierre claimed the Reign of Terror was temporary Wanted good citizens Robespierre & Committee control and shape society by: changing attire, educating masses, abolishing slavery, & de-Christianization (removal of saints) Robespierre was obsessed with ridding France of corrupt people

16. Nation in Arms France calls for all men to fight against foreign troops By 1794, most troops are defeated July 28, 1794 Robespierre was executed Jacobins lost power after his death & the Reign of Terror was over National Convention restricts power of Committee of Public Safety Allowed churches to reopen New constitution created Establish the Directory (new government)

17. The Rise of Napoleon France was still at war with other countries Napoleon Bonaparte took over the Directory in a coup d’ etat (sudden overthrow of government) He was famous for his intelligence, speed, surprise, & decisive action Established new government called the Consulate (he held absolute power) Appointed officials, controlled army, & influenced legislative assembly

18. The Rise of Napoleon crowned himself Emperor Napoleon I Waged many wars with other countries Established Napoleonic Code in 1804 Equality of all, right to choose profession, religious toleration, abolition of serfdom & feudal obligations Banned many books & newspapers All had to be reviewed before published Wanted to take over Great Britain

19. Napoleon’s Empire Napoleon was never able to conquer Britain because of great sea power Created Continental System to defeat Britain (stopping goods from getting there, but failed) When conquering other countries, people united because of where they were from & hatred for Napoleon Nationalism- identify of people based on language, religion, & national symbols

20. Fall of Napoleon Invaded Russia (refused to follow Continental System) troops invade, but Russian troops retreat & burn their own cities Causing mass food shortage & much death French troops retreat Cause many countries to fight back against France Paris capture in March 1814; exiled Napoleon

21. Fall of Napoleon Restored monarchy to Louis XVIII Napoleon returns & troops return to his side Battle at Waterloo in Belgium British & Prussian army gather under Duke of Wellington where is he defeated Exiled to St. Helena where he remained until his death in 1821 **Video Clip**

22. Storyboard Directions: You will create a storyboard of the rise and fall of Napoleon. Each box should contain a description of the event and a picture. Explain how Napoleon gained power in France, what he accomplished, and his demise.