Work Day

1. Work Day • Go over Religion Test / make-up test • Read & Annotate: Land and People of China • Answer questions on the worksheet • Homework: Finish worksheet

2. Bell Work 1. How many characters are there in the Chinese language? • The Chinese language has over 20,000 characters. • The average Chinese only learns about 5,000 of these in his lifetime. 2. How long is the Great Wall of China? (miles) • The wall is over 1500 miles in length. 3. How many countries are larger than China in square miles? • 3 4. What is the total population of China? • 1,339,724,852 (2012 est.)

3. Speed Dating: Homework First row: Turn your desk around Everyone: Sit in row 1 or 2 1st Date: Answer Questions #1-2 2nd Date: Answer Questions #3-5 3rd Date: Answer Questions #6-7 4th Date: Answer Questions 8-9

4. China The Land and People

5. Objectives • Explain how the geography of China has impacted the people • Compare & contrast Chinese geography to the Mesopotamia & Egypt

6. In China The Middle Kingdom or Central Country People of the Central Country In Europe China Chinese “Middle Kingdom”

7. What is Central about China? • In area, largest country entirely in Asia • 4thlargest country in world. • Russia, Canada & US are larger • China is in the heartland of Asia • Bordered on 3 sides by countries & the Pacific on the other • Cut off by mountains • Himalayan Mountains

8. Where do people live? • East is where 6 of 7 Chinese live • Why? • East • Has rivers for fertile soil • Large trading cities are along the great rivers • They lead to the Pacific Ocean • Almost impossible to live in the North and West – Why? • Tall mountains and deserts – Gobi Desert • “empty lands”

9. China’s Rivers Hwang Ho (Yellow, Huang He) • Nicknamed “China’s Sorrow” • 2ndlongest in China, 6th in the world • Very unpredictable • Overflows, causing disastrous floods • Since 600 BC over 1,500 floods have been recorded • Some places the bottom of the river is 10m above surrounding plains

10. China’s Rivers • Yangtze • Largest River in China • Kinder river • Hardly ever overflows • China’s lifeline to the sea • Rich farmlands to the south • Monsoon rains make it ideal for rice • Not reliable • Major centers of Chinese commerce to the north

11. The People • Live apart from each other. Why? • Vastness of China • Mountains and deserts • Result: • Own customs and habits • Call people from other provinces “men from other lands” Compare China to the United States

12. Isolated from the world Geography keeps it cut off naturally Mountains/desert Pacific Ocean kept the Chinese isolated as well Result: Inward-looking people Little interest in other places Considered themselves the best or center of the world The World

13. To Do: • China Map • Use a book from the back of the room

14. Bell Work: • Complete China map • When you are finished, help others • Go over and correct the Map

16. Geography analysis • Start the Geography Analysis worksheets • Groups of 3 • Use your map and the maps on the screen to complete • Be ready to report to the class

17. Geography Themes • Location • Place • Human/Environment Interaction • depend, adapt, modify

18. Bell Work: Geography Analysis • Write your homework assignment in your assignment notebook • Continue working on the Geography Analysis • Use your map of China and the maps on the next screen to complete • Be ready to report to the class

19. Geography Themes • Location • Place • Human/Environment Interaction • depend, adapt, modify

20. To Do: • Complete the Geography Analysis chart on the board • Compare the geography of China to: • Mesopotamia & Egypt • Similarities & Differences • Homework: • Culture Reading • Read your assigned column • Fill out your section of the notes

21. Bell Work • Answer the following questions • The Chinese people consider themselves to be the Middle Kingdom. Explain why. • What mountains divide China from India? • Where do most Chinese people live? (East/West) Why? • What are the names of the 2 major rivers in China? • Compare the geography of China to: • Mesopotamia • Egypt

22. Objectives • Describe the social hierarchy (order) of Chinese society • Examine key traits in the Chinese civilization

23. Culture Jigsaw • Expert Groups – Compare and Correct • Complete your assigned section • Teaching Groups – one of each & Teach • One person from each section • Teach your section the other members in the group • To Do: • Jigsaw Quiz??? • No Homework!!!!

24. Bell Work Jigsaw Quiz

25. The Family • Elders • Leaders of the family • Most privileges & power • Young • Expected to obey without question • Practically no power • Women • Inferior • Obey fathers, husbands, then sons • Ancestors: • Spirits had the power to bring fortune or disaster • Family paid respect to the father’s ancestors • Do you notice a pattern? • Who has the power? • Men

26. Social Classes Nobles Peasants • Owned land • Government leaders • Served in the army • Weapons • Horses • Chariots • Bow & arrow • Farmers – worked for the lords • Tools • NO plows • Only wooden digging tools • Stone sickles • Trait?

27. Crafts & Writing System Crafts Writing • What products were made in Ancient China? • Bronze work • Silk • How does help prove there was a civilization? • Skilled Workers • Improved Technology • Characters • represent an idea • Found on oracle bones • How is it different than other writing? • An idea, not sound • No links - spoken & written language • Advantage? • One written language for all China

28. To Do • Read the “Mandate of Heaven” • Write the main idea of each paragraph in the right column

29. Bell Work • Mandate of Heaven & Divine Right • Create a definition (7 words or less) • Create a memory cue to help remember the definition • Mandate of Heaven • a political theory of ancient China where those in power were given the right to rule from a divine(heavenly) source. Power can be given or taken away, based on the behavior of the ruler in question. • Divine Right • monarch's supposed God-given right: the belief that the monarch's authority comes directly from God rather than from the people and cannot be taken away, despite the behavior of the ruler.

30. China The Mandate of Heaven & The Dynastic Cycle

31. Objectives Compare and contrast the Mandate of Heaven and Divine Right.

32. The Mandate of Heaven • Mandate of Heaven • Heaven blessed the authority of a just ruler • Heaven would take away the authority of an unjust ruler • Used in China • Keep power of the rulers under control – Heaven blessed them • Kick out rulers not doing the right thing for China – Heaven would take away their authority

33. Divine Right vs. Mandate • Similar • Received power from divine approval (god) • Differences • Divine right = unconditional • Never overthrow • Mandate = conditional (behavior of the ruler) • Can overthrow unjust rulers • Evidence that the Mandate is over

34. Origins of the Mandate Dynasty: A family line of rulers governing over a civilization • Shang Dynasty • Had used divine power • Believed the gods gave kings power • Zhou Dynasty • Used the mandate to justify the overthrow of the Shang • Zhou said the king had misused his power • What was the proof the Mandate was taken away?

35. To Do: No Homework

36. Bell Work: Questions Rulers who have Divine Right get their power from…? What is the difference b/w Divine Right and Mandate of Heaven?

37. Objective • Explain the stages of the dynastic cycle

38. Dynastic Cycle in China • Strong dynasty brings peace • has the Mandate of Heaven • Dynasty declines and becomes corrupt • Taxes increase, power decreases • Disasters occur - evidence • Floods, famines, revolts, invasions

39. Dynastic Cycle in China 4. Old dynasty loses Mandate • Rebellion is justified 5. Dynasty is overthrown • Through rebellion 6. New dynasty gains power • Claims to have mandate • Restores power

40. To Do: • Reading Packet • Read pages 7-8: The Unification of China • Answer the questions at the top • Go over as a class (next slide) • Complete the worksheet • Leave the “Solution to conflict” row blank

41. Warring States Period • Warring states period • Zhou Dynasty had complete control • Lords started to rebel • Almost constant conflict • Chinese Values • Social order, harmony & respect for authority • What would bring order & values back to China? • Confucianism, Taoism or Legalism???

42. Bell Work • Staple the Silk Road reading to the end of your reading packet • Pair share ideas from your homework • Put your ideas on the board

43. Objective • Compare & contrast the philosophies of Confucianism, Taoism & Legalism

45. Warring States Period • Zhou Dynasty had complete control • Lords started to rebel • Almost constant conflict • What would bring order & values back to China? • Social order, harmony & respect for authority • Confucianism, Taoism or Legalism??

46. Confucianism • Creator: Confucius • Wanted to restore order and moral (honest/right) living • Organize society around relationships Why? • Ruler & subject • Father & son • Husband & wife • Older brother & younger • Friend & friend • Code of conduct regulated these relationships • Ex: Rulers are kind & subjects are loyal • What is his solution?

47. Confucius: Solution • People should have moral & ethical values(honest/good) • Live right and the world will be right • Four virtues (qualities): courteous, precise, generous, just. • Live by the rules - government • Everyone has a job to do • Do your job and everything will run smoothly • If everyone lived this way – there would be order

48. Taoism: Solution • Creator: Laozi (low-dzuh) • Nature has “natural” relationships/rules • Universal force, “The Way” guides all things • . • Government is not needed • If you follow nature, you will be moral (good) • Humans live with few possessions • See quote to the right • Who does this sound like???

49. Legalism: Solution • Key to order – harsh government • Highly effective and powerful government • Rewards for people who follow the government • Harsh punishment for those who are disobedient • Everything, even thoughts/ideas, are controlled by the government • The next Dynasty followed this way • The Qin

50. To Do • Confucius Quotes: What do they mean? • A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. • Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire. • The superior man acts before he speaks, and afterwards speaks according to his action. • When anger rises, think of the consequences.