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The Rise of American Power: US Foreign Policy Before WWI

Explore how America flexed its power through imperialism, diplomacy, and intervention in Latin America and Asia prior to World War I. From the Spanish-American War to Dollar Diplomacy, delve into key events and policies shaping America's global influence.

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The Rise of American Power: US Foreign Policy Before WWI

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  1. The Little Engine That Could US Foreign Policy Prior to WWI

  2. I Think I Can… • Prior to 1898 • US involved in Mexico, Central and S. America, and the Caribbean • Protection of US business interests • Filibustering • Private armies that attempt to take foreign lands • Success is non-issue • Attempt is the idea of America…sort of

  3. Spanish-American War • After the war, America enters the Imperial Race • Must maintain power • Support merchants • Project power • Secure markets • Support Allies • Flexing American Power

  4. Roosevelt and Big Stick Diplomacy • Roosevelt’s believed that Civilized nations had right to intervene in affairs of uncivilized nations • Definition of civilization • Civilized • White, Anglo-Saxon, wealthy • Uncivilized • Non-white • Slavic, Latin

  5. Open Door Policy • US concerned over threats to Chinese resources • Sec. of State John Hay • Sent letters to all those with claims in China • Known as the “Open Door Notes” • All countries should have unimpeded access to China

  6. Roosevelt and Asia • 1904 Russo-Japanese War • Roosevelt brokers peace • 1906 wins Nobel Peace Prize • Threat of Japanese power • The Great White Fleet is sent out to demonstrate US power, especially in Pacific

  7. Roosevelt and Latin America • Venezuela 1902 • Bankrupt and can’t pay loans from Euro banks • Germany threatens to establish a base • US threatens Germany with Naval war • Germany backs down • 1904 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine • US had right to oppose any Euro intervention in Western Hemisphere • Also US could intervene in affairs of its Latin neighbors • Strong nations = secure nations

  8. Panama Canal • French start, but fail to finish • Problem • Area controlled by Columbia • John Hay negotiates treaty • Columbian Senate Veto's it • US supports independence revolution in Panama • USS Nashville sent to maintain order • US recognizes Panamanian Independence • Begins building canal • Opened in 1914 and controlled by US until 1999

  9. Dollar Diplomacy • Instead of aggression, show of force, and revolutions, Taft tries something new • Dollar Diplomacy • Banks make loans to Latin nations and in return are essentially in the back pocket of US • Resources are extracted from nations by US corps. atcheap prices • Nations can never really get ahead

  10. Moral Diplomacy • Wilson wanted to be different • Not intervene • Actually intervenes more than Roosevelt and Taft • Haiti, Dominican Republic, Virgin Islands, Nicaragua • Mexico • Tampico Incident • Invasion of Veracruz • Columbus incident and Poncho Villa • US Expeditionary force in Mexico

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