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Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior

Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior. Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst. The Brain. Module 08. Phineas Gage. Play “The Frontal Lobes and Behavior: The Story of Phineas Gage” (12:03) Module #25 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2 nd edition).

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Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior

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  1. Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst

  2. The Brain Module 08

  3. Phineas Gage • Play “The Frontal Lobes and Behavior: The Story of Phineas Gage” (12:03) Module #25 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2nd edition).

  4. Lower-Level Brain Structures: The Brainstem Module 8: The Brain

  5. Brainstem • The oldest part of the brain • Is responsible for automatic survival functions • Located where the spinal cord swells and the brain just begins

  6. Medulla • The base of the brainstem • Controls life-supporting functions like heartbeat and breathing • Damage to this area can lead to death.

  7. Brain Structures - Brainstem/Medulla • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2h from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  8. Brain Structures - Brainstem/Medulla • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2i from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  9. Reticular Formation • A nerve network extending up and down the spinal cord into the brain • Controls an organism’s level of alertness • Damage to this area can cause a coma.

  10. Lower-Level Brain Structures: The Thalamus Module 8: The Brain

  11. Thalamus • Sits atop the brainstem • The brain’s sensory switchboard -- directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex • Thalamus is Greek for “inner chamber.”

  12. Brain Structures - Thalamus • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2a from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  13. Brain Structures - Thalamus • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2b from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  14. Lower-Level Brain Structures: The Cerebellum Module 8: The Brain

  15. Cerebellum • Latin for the “little brain” • Located in the rear of the brain • Helps coordinate voluntary movements and balance • If damaged, the person could perform basic movements but would lose fine coordination skills.

  16. Brain Structures - Cerebellum • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2j from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  17. Brain Structures - Cerebellum • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2k from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  18. Lower-Level Brain Structures: The Limbic System Module 8: The Brain

  19. Limbic System • A ring of structures around the thalamus; at the border of the brainstem and cerebral cortex • Helps regulate memory, aggression, fear, hunger, and thirst • Includes the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala

  20. Brain Structures – Limbic System • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2g from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  21. Hypothalamus • Located directly under the front of the thalamus • Regulates eating, drinking, body temperature, and the fight or flight reactions to stress • Plays a role in emotions, pleasure, and sexual function

  22. Hypothalamus and Aggression • Play “Aggression, Violence, and the Brain” (7:17) Module #24 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2nd edition).

  23. Hippocampus • Wraps around the back of the thalamus • Plays a role in processing new memories for permanent storage • Looks something like a seahorse • Hippo is Greek for “horse.”

  24. Amygdala • Two almond shaped structures • Controls emotional responses such as fear and anger

  25. Brain Structures – Lower Brain • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2l from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  26. Brain Structures – Lower Brain • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2m from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  27. The Cerebral Cortex Module 8: The Brain

  28. Cerebral Cortex • The body’s ultimate control and information processing center • Covers the brain’s lower level structures • Contains an estimated 30 billion nerve cells • Divided into four lobes

  29. Corpus Callosum • The large band of neural fibers that connects the two brain hemispheres and carries messages between them • Is sometimes cut to prevent seizures

  30. Corpus Callosum • Play “Severed Corpus Callosum” (10:00) Segment #7 from Scientific American Frontiers: Video Collection for Introductory Psychology (2nd edition).

  31. Longitudinal Fissure • The crevice that divides the brain into two halves or hemispheres • This and other fissures in the brain create major divisions in the brain called lobes

  32. Frontal Lobes • The portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead • Is involved in making plans and judgments

  33. The Frontal Lobe • Play “The Frontal Lobes: Cognition and Awareness” (9:05) Segment #7 from The Mind: Psychology Teaching Modules (2nd edition).

  34. Parietal Lobes • Regions available for general processing, including mathematical reasoning • Designated as the association lobes • Behind the frontal lobes

  35. Occipital Lobe • The primary visual processing area • Located in the back of the head

  36. Temporal Lobes • Includes the auditory cortex where sound information is processed • Located roughly above the ears

  37. Brain Structures – Cerebral Cortex • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2c from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  38. Brain Structures – Cerebral Cortex • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2d from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the “Readme” file on the CD-ROM.

  39. Brain Structures – Cerebral Cortex • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2e from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  40. Brain Structures – Cerebral Cortex • Insert “Brain Structures” Video #2f from Worth’s Digital Media Archive for Psychology. • Instructions for importing the video file can be found in the ‘Readme’ file on the CD-ROM.

  41. Motor Cortex • Area at the rear of the frontal lobes • Controls voluntary movement • Different parts of the cortex control different parts of the body. • The motor cortex in the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and visa versa.

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