Emerging Infectious Diseases: Focus on Ebola

1. Emerging Infectious Diseases: Focus onEbola Maryam Othman MD, MPH Director, Global & Community Health Assistant Professor, Western University of Health science

2. What you know about Infectious Diseases Lo que usted necesita saber sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1pUoYBbEpI Global and Community Health

3. Emerging Infectious Diseases Emerging infectious diseases cab defined as infectious that have newly appeared in the population, or have existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range Global and Community Health

4. Reasons Behind the Spread • The global human population explosion • Human travel and commerce • Changes in human behavior • Other reasons include: •  The breakdown of public health systems •  Poverty War Famine. Global andCommunity Health

5. Emerging Diseases in The US http://www.cdc.gov/about/report/2013/reports/emerging-infectious-diseases.html Global andCommunity Health

6. Global andCommunity Health

7. Ebola: Epidemiology • Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a sever, often fatal illness in humans (case fatality rate of up to 90%) • Current outbreak in Africa, largest ever recorded. • The natural reservoir of the virus is suspected to be bats Global andCommunity Health

8. Ebola: Epidemiology Global andCommunity Health

9. 2014 Ebola Outbreak – Case Counts http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/case-counts.html Global andCommunity Health

10. Ebola: Epidemiology • Transmission occurs via contact with infected human body fluids (blood, saliva, vomitus, stool, semen, breast milk, and tears) • Nosocomial transmission ( hospital-acquired infection) is a key driver of outbreaks • The incubation period is 2-21 days Global andCommunity Health

11. You Can get Ebola from: • Touching the blood or body fluids of a person who is sick with or has died from Ebola. • Touching contaminated objects, like needles. • Touching infected animals, their blood or other body fluids, or their meat. http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/resources/infographics.html Global andCommunity Health

12. Usted solo puede contraer el virus del Ébola por lo siguiente • Al tocar la sangre o los líquidos corporales de una persona que tiene la enfermedad del Ébola o que murió por ella. • Al tocar objetos contaminados, como agujas. • Al tocar animales infectados, su sangre, otros líquidos corporales o su carne. http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/resources/infographics.html Global andCommunity Health

13. Ebola: Clinical • Ebola start with flu-like illness: fever, sever headache, muscle pain and weaknessvomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. • Hemorrhagic symptoms include rash, bruising, and bleeding from any puncture sites. • The late stage of the disease: shock, seizures, organ failure, coma and death. Global andCommunity Health

14. Ebola: Diagnosis & Treatment • Diagnostic testing • Blood test performed by • special laboratories. • Treatment: • No vaccine available • (only experimental) • No FDA approved specific treatment (only experimental) • Treatment is focused on supportive & symptomatic care Global andCommunity Health

15. Ebola – WiRED International See it here: http://www.wiredhealthresources.net/mod-ebola.html Download it here: http://www.wiredhealthresources.net/training/filling-station.html Global andCommunity Health

16. Ebola and Influenza • Influenza and Ebola may share some of the same symptoms, but there is very low risk of catching Ebola and very high risk for catching the flu. • The flu virus is much more common and more easily spread than Ebola. Global andCommunity Health

17. Gracias Questions (Preguntas)  ? Global andCommunity Health