8 th Grade Review

1. 8th Grade Review Civil War

2. The American Civil War1861-1865 Who: American citizens What: A war between members of the same group or country When: 1861-1865 Where: The United States of America Why: Some states disagreed with the American government about the issue of slavery, and they wanted to be their own country.

4. The Union States Also called: *The North *The Yankees Army led by: Ulysses S. Grant Political views: Did not agree with slavery Soldiers’ Uniform: Blue

5. Confederate States Also called: *The South *The Rebels Army led by: Robert E. Lee Political views: Wanted to continue slavery Soldiers’ Uniform: Grey

6. Important People Abraham Lincoln:The President of the United States during the time of the Civil War. He wanted to abolish, or end, slavery. Harriet Tubman:Created the “Underground Railroad” for the slaves to use to escape to the north.

7. “The Gettysburg Address” In this immortal speech, Abraham Lincoln pays tribute to the soldiers at Gettysburg and the noble cause for which they gave their lives.

8. The Civil War Begins • Abraham Lincoln is elected President of the United States. During the election, he had spoken out strongly against the spread of slavery and hoped that one day it would end.

9. Remain United Lincoln hoped to prevent a war. “We are not enemies, but friends,” Lincoln told Southerners after taking the oath of office. “We must not be enemies.” But time was running out.

10. Shortly after the election of Lincoln, South Carolina declared “the United States of America is hereby dissolved” and seceded from the Union. Six other states soon followed. South Carolina secedes

11. Together these seven states formed a new country. They called the new country the Confederate States of America. They elected Jefferson Davis as President. A New Country Formed

12. President Lincoln received word that supplies were running out at Fort Sumter, located off the coast of South Carolina. If supplies did not come soon, they would have to surrender the fort to the Confederacy Fort Sumter

13. Lincoln had to make an important decision. He made the decision he thought would be best. He would send supplies ships to the fort. Then he waited to see what happened. A Difficult Decision

14. Now Jefferson Davis had to make a decision. He decided to attack the fort before the supply ships arrived. On April 12, 1861, Confederates fired on Fort Sumter. Jefferson’s Response

15. The Civil War had began. The Outcome

16. The Long Road to a Union Victory

17. African Regiments • Not allowed to fight in the Civil War at the beginning. • Formed their own regiments to fight for the Union. • Congress agreed to let them enlist • 186,000 enlisted • Not paid as well as white soldiers • Given poor equipment • Threatened by the confederate

18. Grant Leads the Union • Ulysses S. Grant….a great general • Educated at West Point • Fought in war with Mexico • Made quick decisions in battle • Unconditional Surrender

19. Grant’s Most Important Battle • Vicksburg, Mississippi • Surrounded and lay siege to the city. • Starved the people into surrender • Key Victory • Gave Union control of the Mississippi River • Lincoln gave Grant command of ALL Union troops!

20. Gettysburg • Pennsylvania • Robert E. Lee was invading • One of the most important Union victories • Over 7,000 soldiers died • November 19, 1863 Lincoln dedicated the cemetery. • Less than 3 minutes, but became the most famous speed in history

22. Lee’s Confederate troops Starving and clothes were rags Trapped Forced to surrender at the Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865 Grant’s Union troops Well-fed and well supplied Surrounded the Confederate soldiers THE WAR WAS OVER! Lee Surrenders