Welcome to: Instructional Design Module Instructor Dr. Ahmed Abdelraheem ahmedyar@squ.om

1. Welcome to:Instructional Design ModuleInstructor Dr. Ahmed Abdelraheemahmedyar@squ.edu.om ILTD Sultan Qaboos University Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

2. Objectives of the module The module is designed to enable you to:- • Describe the concepts and tools associated with instructional design model/models ( ADDIE model + Dick & Carey system approach model. • Apply instructional design concepts and tools to develop a simple peace of instructional material :through the activities of the main phases of instructional design and sub-components of Dick & Carey system approach model. • Adapt an instructional design approach to your own instruction context : understand and develop of an instructional strategy that suit your audience. Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

3. What is Instructional Design? . . . A process used primarily to develop a wide range of instructional materials, printed, computer-assisted, and/or televised. Dick and Carey (1989) . . . The systematic process of transplanting principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials and activities. Smith and Ragan (1993) . . . An organized procedure for developing instructional materials or programs which include the steps of analysis, designing, developing, implementing and evaluating. AECT (1994) Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

4. Definitions: Instructional Design as a: • Process: The analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. • Discipline: That branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies. Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

5. Instructional Science: Creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation and maintenance of all situations that facilitate learning. Instructional System: An arrangement of resources and procedures to promote learning. Instructional Technology: The systematic and systemic application of strategies and techniques derived from behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist theories to the solution of instructional problems. Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

6. Instructional Development: The process of implementing design plans. Message Design: The physical form of the message (visuals, pages, screen) Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

7. Design implementation Chooses when to use the design and in what environment Chooses instructional strategies and assesses Design stops at implementation Presents design as a blueprint for future instruction Teaching vs. Designing Both plan activities based on what has been working in the past, design useful and appealing instructional materials, applies theory, research, and strategy to design, evaluate and assesses. Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

8. Instructional Design Models • Fixed—prescribing the same method variable regardless of what the learner does (prescriptive) • Adaptive—prescribing different method variable depending on learners actions or responses (descriptive) Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

9. Uses sets of conditions and desired outcomes to prescribe the best methods Goal oriented Optimal methods are the variable of interest Described whole models that will be optimal for given sets of conditions and desired outcomes. Take sets of conditions as given and describe the likely outcomes as the variables of interest Goal free Outcomes are the variable of interest Concerned with describing the likely outcomes of using whole models under varying sets of conditions Prescriptive vs. Descriptive Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

10. Instructional Design Research and Theory Base • General Systems Theory • Psychological Research and Theory • Instructional Theory and Teaching/Learning Research • Communications Theory and Perceptions-Attentions Research Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

11. Conceptual Models of Instructional Design • Time-focused—opportunity oriented providing ample room for student perseverance • Task-focused—Emphasizes the processes that facilitate learning, prescriptive and generalized • Learner-focused—make recommendations for instructions based on differences in the learner, primarily prescriptive Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

12. Procedural Models of Instructional Design • Identify steps, not relationship among variables; serve as a translation from theory to practice, generally very linear • Models built on general systems theory • Models based on learning and instructional theory—used as project planning tools; not as guidelines for specific instructional activities Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

13. Dimensions for Critiquing ID Models • Origin • Theoretical • Empirical • Theoretical Underpinnings • Learning or instructional theory • Control/management/monitoring • Analysis function Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

14. Dimensions for Critiquing ID Models (cont.) • Purposes and Uses • Teach instructional design • Produce viable instructional products or activities • Reduce costs of training/education • Documentation • Total model • Parts of model Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

15. Instructional Design Models . . . Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

16. Instructional Design Model - ADDIE Analysis Needs assessment Task inventories Determine performance gaps Task analysis Evaluation Reaction Learning (knowledge) Behavior (transfer) Results Design Create learning objectives Create performance tests Establish baseline SKAs Create course outline Development Diagram activities to assist learners Create materials or courseware Determine technology Determine setting and style Implementation Prepare to deliver instruction& training Administer training (teach/facilitate) Create environment for learning Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

17. ACTIVITY 1 Go to the website : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADDIE_Model • Write the main phases of ADDIE model • Summarize the activities of each phase of the ADDIE. Unit 1, Overview of instructional Design Models

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