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Achieving Change through Open Data

Achieving Change through Open Data. Andrew Stott UK Transparency Board formerly Director, data.gov.uk Zagreb, Croatia 28 Sep 2012. @dirdigeng andrew.stott@dirdigeng.com. Open Data in the UK: The Policy Drivers. Policy Drivers for Open Data. Transparent Government. Triple Objectives.

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Achieving Change through Open Data

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  1. Achieving Change through Open Data Andrew Stott UK Transparency Board formerly Director, data.gov.uk Zagreb, Croatia 28 Sep 2012 @dirdigeng andrew.stott@dirdigeng.com

  2. Open Data in the UK: The Policy Drivers

  3. Policy Drivers for Open Data Transparent Government Triple Objectives Improve public services Economic growth and social value

  4. UK Policy Drivers June 07 Feb 09 Mar 11 New economic and social value Labour Coalition

  5. Economic Value of Open Data • Open Gov Data in EU would increase business activity by up to €40 Bn with total annual benefits of €140 Bn • Spanish study found ~€600m of business from open data with >5000 jobs • Australian study found ROI of ~500% from open data • Deloitte study for EU found open data was reused 10-100 times more than charged-for data • Releasing addressing data as Open Data in Denmark gave $21m/yr benefits and 2200% ROI • Open Weather Data in US has created 400 companies employing 4000 people

  6. UK Policy Drivers Improve public services Mar 09 Jul 11 New economic and social value Labour Coalition

  7. Open Data improving public services • Publishing the UK’s 240 cardiac surgeons’ individual clinical outcomes reduced deaths by 1000 a year • 1000s of apps delivering public transport information in the United States – 68 in New York alone • UK released data on location of 300,000 bus-stops; OpenStreetMap corrected 18,000 of them, improving official data accuracy. • Sharing Open Data within public agencies in Manchester (city of 2.6m people) saves US$14m/yr • Open Data on public agency purchasing has allowed a “whole of government” view to get best prices and performance from key suppliers

  8. UK Policy Drivers May 10 Jun 09 Transparent & Accountable Government Improve public services New economic and social value Labour Coalition

  9. Open Data in Transparency

  10. UK Government Transparency Data • For every Ministry:- • Expenditure • Senior staff salaries • Expenses • Official credit cards • Contracts • Tenders • Organisation charts • Local service & performance data • Meetings

  11. Financial Transparency: Macro Level

  12. Holding government accountable

  13. Financial Transparency: Transaction level

  14. Pressure to justify and restrain costs

  15. Pressure to justify and restrain costs

  16. Financial transparency: Contract Level Links to the documents

  17. Contracts: A great example from Slovakia “Rate this contract” Fair-Play Alliance Key details and links Original text of contract from Gov website http://www.otvorenezmluvy.sk/

  18. Transparency of Hospital Performance Patient ratings 12+ WeeksMRSA-free Bloodclots 2 recent MRSA Good C-Diffrecord LowMortality

  19. Crime Data

  20. Crime: Data Engagement Accessible data on crime It’s very local Local team How YOU can get involved Local police Twitter feed Telephone, website, Facebook and Youtube …. Attract Inform Engage Action

  21. Open Data for Accountability • Open Data exposed CAN$3.2bn misuse of charitable status in tax code in Canada • Publishing UK Senior Civil Servants’ expenses reduced claims by ~40-50% • Open Data exposed racial discrimination in water supply in Zanesville, United States – victims won $10.9m compensation • UK civil service pay data exposed people paid twice as much as the Head of the Civil Service and three times as much as the Prime Minister

  22. A dataset can serve multiple objectives

  23. Lessons learned

  24. Top-level political support essential “Greater transparency will enable the public to hold politicians and public bodies to account” “Public information does not belong to Government, it belongs to the public.”

  25. Strong civil society “demand-side” essential

  26. Passionate team important too!

  27. Deliver incrementally

  28. Release interesting & useful data

  29. Ensure clear, common, licensing

  30. Don’t accept “no” — work out “how” • It’s held separately by n different organisations, and we can’t join it up • It will make people angry and scared without helping them • It is technically impossible • We do not own the data • The data is just too large to be published and used • Our website cannot hold files this large • We know the data is wrong • We know the data is wrong, and people will tell us where it is wrong • We know the data is wrong, and we will waste valuable resources inputting the corrections people send us • People will draw superficial conclusions from the data without understanding the wider picture • People will construct league tables from it • It will generate more Freedom of Information requests • It will cost too much to put it into a standard format • It will distort the market • Our IT suppliers will charge us a fortune to do an ad hoc extract

  31. Manage expectations, prepare for mistakes “We’re making a small start next week. But eventually, it’s going to make a big difference.” “The information we’re publishing next week won’t be perfect, and I’m sure there’ll be some mistakes. But I want to get on with it.” UK Prime Minister 29 May 2010

  32. Continuously engage with developers Photos: @memespring, @MadLabUK, @paul_clarke

  33. .. and highlight applications, not data

  34. Government is a data user too

  35. … and the biggest lesson of all Overcome obstacles practically by doing, not debating

  36. Open Data, Privacyand Freedom of Information

  37. Open Data v. Privacy

  38. Open Data and Freedom of Information Why did the UK FOI Act not give Open Data? • FOI practice has focussed on Requests for Information, and ignored Proactive Publication • Exemptions give many grounds to withhold • Long-winded process to challenge refusals • No “right to reuse” in FOI responses (fixing) • No requirement for re-usable formats (fixing) • Cost thresholds – inefficient Ministries are less transparent • Uncertainty and time delays are barriers to innovation

  39. Birmingham Parking Tickets: Data obtained by FOI

  40. FOI: Parking Tickets • Wide range of excuses: • It will cost too much: • It’s too big to email, therefore we must print it • It is personal information • You must be working for an organisation. • We have passed it on to our technical team

  41. FOI did not enable re-use

  42. Too much data? “But the Con-Lib government’s claim that it heralded openness was met with some scepticism, as the database is too vast and unusable for anyone but computer and data experts to decipher.”

  43. One Day Later

  44. Two Days Later

  45. Conclusion • Open Data a key enabler – but its value is in its use • Important to grow open data “ecosystem” in civil society • Data should engage rather than just inform • Government must be prepared to listen and act

  46. Questions?

  47. End

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