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Solving Empirical Formulas: Steps and Examples for Chemical Composition Analysis

Learn how to find empirical formulas by converting mass percentages to grams, then to moles. Find the lowest mole ratio and adjust to whole numbers for the formula. Five detailed examples provided.

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Solving Empirical Formulas: Steps and Examples for Chemical Composition Analysis

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  1. Finding Empirical Formulas Chapter 10

  2. Steps • Change mass % values to grams. • Convert grams to moles (1 step) • Find the lowest ratio of moles-by dividing all of the values in step 2 by the smallest of the values in step 2. • If necessary, multiply all resulting values by the same constant to get a whole number. • Use the whole numbers to write the empirical formula.

  3. Example #1 36.1%Ca, 63.9%Cl • 36.1g Ca, 63.9g Cl

  4. Example #2 13.6% C, 86.4% F • 13.6 g C, 86.4 g F

  5. Example #3 88.9% C, 11.1% H 1. 88.9g C, 11.1g H

  6. Example #4 20.2% Mg, 26.7% S, 53.2% O • 20.2g Mg, 26.7g S, 53.2g O

  7. Example #5 34.6% C, 3.9% H, 61.5% O 1. 34.6g C, 3.9g H, 61.5g O

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