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Quasar redshift z=0.17. p.342. Active Galaxies: Radio galaxies : Radio galaxies emit enormous amount of radio waves, typically much farther than the corresponding optical galaxy. Radio galaxies usually are double lobed and have jets of particles

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p.342

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  1. Quasar redshift z=0.17 p.342

  2. Active Galaxies: • Radio galaxies: Radio galaxies emit enormous amount of radio waves, • typically much farther than the corresponding optical galaxy. • Radio galaxies usually are double lobed and have jets of particles • emitted from the nucleus of the galaxy. • When the jet of particles interacts with intergalactic matter, • radio waves are created. • Quasars: Quasars are near the edge of the Universe. Very bright. • Large redshift z > 0.1; small in size. • Some give out enormous amount of radio waves. • Seyfert galaxies are somewhat between quasars and normal galaxies. • Distance distribution of quasars tells us that the universe has an edge. • From gravitational lensing of quasars by an in-between galaxy in our • line of sight, distances can be estimated and quasars are indeed • very far away. • Most galaxies have supermassive black holes in their center. • The larger the mass of the black hole, the larger is the central bulge • of the galaxy.

  3. Radio galaxy Cygnus A Optical ^ Fig. 17-2, p.344

  4. Fig. 17-3, p.344

  5. Centaurus A galaxy Fig. 17-4a, p.344

  6. Centaurus A in X-ray Fig. 17-4b, p.344

  7. Quasars – Size is small ~ 0.1 ly. Fig. 17-13, p.350

  8. Four quasars Fig. 17-6, p.346

  9. Next to Most distant Quasar Now z = 10 Fig. 17-11a, p.348

  10. Fig. 17-14, p.351

  11. Quasar overexposed shows galaxy structure Fig. 17-19, p.353

  12. Sloan Digital sky survey Fig. 17-20a, p.353

  13. Universe has an edge. Fig. 17-20b, p.353

  14. Interacting and colliding quasars Fig. 17-21, p.354

  15. NGV 4258 has very bright center. A black hole Fig. 17-23, p.355

  16. HST of M87. Galaxy nucleus is on top Fig. 17-24a, p.356

  17. M87 Has a 3×109M Black Hole In the center

  18. M87 nucleus Fig. 17-24b, p.356

  19. Sagittarius A center of Milky Way Very small size and strong radio waves Fig. 17-26b, p.357

  20. Fig. 17-27, p.358

  21. Fig. 17-30, p.360

  22. Gravitational lensing of two quasars. Distance can be computed. Fig. 17-33, p.361

  23. The two Quasar Images are identical,. Gravitational lensing. Fig. 17-33a, p.361

  24. Fig. 17-34, p.362

  25. Einstein ring from gravitational lensing. Fig. 17-35a, p.362

  26. Radio galaxies. Few in number, but enormous amount of radio energy emitted. The source of the radio waves is up to a million light years from the optical part. Quasars. Not all emit radio waves. Very compact (~0.1 ly), very bright compared to normal galaxies. Found near the edge of the Universe. Some have spiral arms. Seyferts. In between quasars and spiral galaxies. Summary

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