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Session 11 : The Changing Structure of Agricultural Research and Its Implications for PGR

Session 11 : The Changing Structure of Agricultural Research and Its Implications for PGR. Identify changes in levels and scope of agricultural research investment by private and public institutions, in developing and developed countries

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Session 11 : The Changing Structure of Agricultural Research and Its Implications for PGR

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  1. Session 11:TheChanging Structure of Agricultural Research and Its Implications for PGR

  2. Identify changes in levels and scope of agricultural research investment by private and public institutions, in developing and developed countries Discuss the role of market size, globalization and intellectual property rights on the development of plant breeding indeveloping and developed countries Analyze the changes in research environments on the utilization of, access to, and conservation of PGR Objectives of Session 11

  3. Global Changes in Agricultural Researchby Private and Public Institutions • The rate of private investment in agricultural research is higher than public investment, in both developing and developed countries • The level of private investment is higher than public investment in developed countries, but it is the opposite in developing countries • The growth of public investment in developing countries is uneven: rapid in Asia, slow in LAC, stagnant in Africa

  4. Contributing Factors to Increases inPrivate Investment in Agricultural Research • New technological and market opportunities related to scientific advances • Changes in intellectual property regimes that have allowed private-sector firms to capture more of the benefits that result from research • New institutional structures for public- and private- sector research collaboration and technology transfer • Increased globalization of markets for agricultural inputs

  5. Utilization of, Access to and Conservation of PGR • Private sector focuses on commercial, appropriable crops • Increasing proprietary control of PGR tends to restrict global access to PGR • Long-term conservation of PGR requires the cooperation of the public and private sector, and of developing and developed countries

  6. Agricultural R&D Expenditures (excluding Eastern Europe, Former Soviet Union) Source: Pardey and Beintema (2001); Alston, Pardey, and Smith (1999).

  7. Natural Domains for Public and Private Plant Breeding Programmes Source: Morris and Ekasingh (2002).

  8. Real Public- & Private-Sector Expenditures onPlant Breeding, U.S., Research Deflator Source: Heisey, Srinivasan and Thirtle (2001).

  9. Total CGIAR Investment Compared to Approximate CGIAR Investment in Plant Breeding Source: CGIAR Annual Reports; Alston, Pardey and Smith (1999).

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