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Presentation of the ASEAN Economic intelligence report --Southeast Asia area Priscilla Haifeng Wu

This presentation provides an overview of the ASEAN Economic Intelligence Report for the Southeast Asia area, focusing on the political, economic, trade, and FDI aspects of Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos PDR, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Singapore.

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Presentation of the ASEAN Economic intelligence report --Southeast Asia area Priscilla Haifeng Wu

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  1. Presentation of the ASEAN Economic intelligence report --Southeast Asia area Priscilla Haifeng Wu Hao Wang

  2. Outline 1. Introduction - Environment - Political - Economic 2. Trade & Service 3. FDI 4. Issues 5.Prosperous

  3. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Background Information : Capital:Bandar Seri Begawan Land area:5,765 sq.km Population:342,000 (2000) Language:Malay Religion:Moslem Government Type:Constitutional Monarchy Member of:ASEAN, APEC, APT, APDC, Commonwealth, ESCAP, GP 77, GATT/WTO, ICAO, IMO, IMF, WMO, UNDP, WHO, WIPO, WTO-GBT, ASEM, EALAF Currency:B$ (Bruneian Dollar). GDP:B$ 8.0 (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Oil and gas, textiles, food and beverages, building materials Major Exports:Oil and gas, ready-made garments Major Imports:Transport equipment and machinery, manufactured goods, food chemicals

  4. CAMBODIA Background Information : Capital:Phnom Penh Land area:181,035 sq.km Population:11.0 million (1999) Language:Khmer Religion:Buddhism Government Type:Constitutional Monarchy Member of:ASEAN, CTBTO, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, ITU, LDC, UNO, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPO, UNIDO, WIPO, WHO Currency:Riel GDP:Riel 12,406.5 (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Textiles and Garments, Beverages, Food Processing, Wood Processing Major Exports:Garments, Textile Product Sawn, Wood Furniture and Rubber Major Imports:Transport equipment and machinery, manufactured goods, food chemicals

  5. INDONESIA Background Information : Capital:Jakarta. Land area:1,919,317 sq.km. Population:212 million (2000). Language:Bahasa Indonesia Religion:Moslem, Christian, Catholic, Buddhism, Hinduism Government Type:Republic Member of:ASEAN, UN, IMF, ESCAP, FAO, ILO, UNESCO, IBRD, IFC, MIGA, IDB, IDA, ADB, WTO, APEC, ASEM, EALAF Currency:Rupiah GDP:Rp. 1,332.2 billion (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Pulp and paper, cement, basic metals and fertilizer, power generation, telecommunication, transportation Major Exports:Textile, electronic goods, footwear, oil & gas, plywood, sawn timber Major Imports:Chemical and pharmaceutical, fertilizer, cotton yarns, textile fabric, machines, motor vehicles

  6. LAO PDR Background Information : Capital:Vientiane Land area:236,800 sq.km Population:5.3 million (1999) Language:Lao Religion:Buddhism Government Type:People's Democratic Republic Member of:ASEAN, ADB, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, WHO, IDA, WIPO, IFC, ILO, IMF, UN, NCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNICEF, WHO, EALAF Currency:Kip GDP:Kip 13,482 billion (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Garment industry, wood-based and processing industries, electricity Major Exports:Coffee, electricity, clothing, wood and forest product and Gypsum Major Imports:Industrial machinery, chemicals, iron, electrical machinery and parts, steel, oil, construction material and consumption goods

  7. MYANMAR Background Information : Capital:Yangon Land area:676,575 sq.km Population:49.0 million (2000) Language:Myanmar Religion:Buddhism, Christians, Moslem Government Type:State Peace Development Council Member of:ASEAN, ADB, ESCAP, ACU, FAO, IBRD, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, WTO, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNICEF, EALAF Currency:Myanmar Kyat GDP:K 2,408.4 billion (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Agro-based industries, textiles industries, steel mills Major Exports:Rice, teak, beans & pulses, rubber, coffee, minerals, gems marine products Major Imports:Power tillers, hand tractor, fertilizer, diesel oil, cement, dumper, loader and spare parts, water pumps, hydraulic excavator

  8. PHILIPPINES Background Information : Capital:Manila Land area:300,000 sq.km Population:78.4 million (2000) Language:Filipino, English, Spanish Religion:Buddhism, Christians, Moslem Government Type:Democracy Member of:ASEAN, ADB, APEC, ASEM, FAO, IBRD, IDA, IMF, IFAD, IFC, ILO, UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNIDO, WHO, WTO, WCO, WIPO, EALAF Currency:Peso GDP:Php 3,322.6 billion (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Food, petroleum and coal refining, chemical, electronics and electrical machinery Major Exports:Electronics, garments, machinery and transport equipment, mineral and mineral products, coconut product, sugar, bananas, pineapple, mangoes Major Imports:Materials for the manufacture of electronics/electrical equipment

  9. SINGAPORE Background Information : Capital:Singapore Land area:647.8 sq.km Population:4.0 million (2000) Language:English, Malay, Mandarin, Tamil Religion:Buddhism, Christians, Moslem Government Type:Parliamentary Democracy Member of:ASEAN, ADB, APEC, ARF, COMMONWEALTH, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, IDA, IFC, IMF, IFAD, IMO, ILO, ITU, UNIDO, UPO, WHO, ASEM, EALAF Currency:Singapore Dollar (S$) GDP:S$ 159.0 billion (2000) at current market prices Major Industries:Electronics, chemicals, banking and finance, real estate, tourism, trading Major Exports:Petroleum products, industrial machines, radio & television receivers & parts, electronic component & parts, clothing, beverages & tobacco Major Imports:Crude petroleum, iron & steel, industrial machines, electric generators, electronic component and parts

  10. Environment In Economy and Politic • GDP of Southeast Asia keeps continue growth after financial crisis • Renewed investment in export-oriented industries has led to a recovery in private capital formation. Lower interest rates, lower the public and company’s debt • In terms of domestic demand, consumption growth is also likely to remain weaker in 2001 than in 2000. • Export growth (in US dollar terms) is likely to slow considerably in 2001; be accompanied by faster import growth (relative to exports) and a further narrowing of the current account surplus in the subregion in 2001.

  11. TRADE Most of the Southeast Asian region is now a free trade area. Accounting for over 96 percent of all ASEAN trade.

  12. Continue TRADE · The first six signatories of the Common Effective Preferential Tariff scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area have reduced their tariffs on intra-regional trade less than 5%. · In contrast with the export growth of 7.7 percent in 1999 and 19.8 percent in 2000, ASEAN exports declined in 2001 (Table 3). · Intra-ASEAN exports grew by 26.3 percent and intra-ASEAN imports by 27 percent in year 2000. Year-on-year, intra-ASEAN exports contracted by 2.7 percent for the first half of 2001 (Table 4) · The three major destinations for ASEAN exports were the United States, European Union, and Japan (see Table 5). In the first half of 2001, with the exception

  13. Table 5: ASEAN Trade with Major Trading Partners

  14. SERVICE ASEAN has concluded its negotiations on the third package of commitments for the liberalization of services. The package includes commitments in air transport, business services, construction, financial services, maritime transport, telecommunications, and tourism. Under business services, several commitments have been made on ICT-related services with the view to facilitating the realization of the e-ASEAN initiative. Member Countries might adopt the like-minded countries approach where agreements could be concluded by those countries that were ready while others could accede at a later time.

  15. FDI entry into ASEAN (1996-2001) ($ B) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (Year)

  16. ISSUES 1. Threaten from China ASEAN's accumulated net FDI totaled only US$173 billion for 1980-2000 as substantial crowding out by China in 1993-2000 took its toll on the aggregate.

  17. Continue ISSUES 2. ASEAN Broadens Liberalization of Investment Rules Any ASEAN investor can now invest in any ASEAN country and enjoy national investor treatment in the manufacturing areas that had been excluded previously. The decision has stepped up the timetable for investment liberalization, which had been set four years ago. Since the launch of ASEAN Investment Area in 1998, Southeast Asian states had started opening up all industries for investment and grant national treatment to ASEAN investors, with some exception as specified in the Temporary Exclusion List.

  18. continue ISSUES 3. The Culture and Information – the establishment of bridge of understanding It aims to improve investor confidence, provide focus on regional economic integration, and other live issues, such as the possibility of the recurrence of the haze and regional cooperation against terrorism.

  19. Continue ISSUES • 4. Democratic Expansion and Democratic Deepening in Southeast Asia: The Fateful Connection • The movement for democracy in Southeast Asia is in very bad shape. • The crisis is rooted in a number of problems, the principal one being a lack of consciousness of the intrinsic relationship between the mission of democratic expansion in the region and the deepening of democratic practice in the countries where it now has a foothold.

  20. Continue ISSUES 5. Lessons learnedfrom the Asia Finance Crisis what is needed are reforms that embrace a number of elements that are vital for economic growth and financial stability?

  21. greater transparency and accountability in government and corporate affairs; • stronger banking systems that protect the savings of small depositors; • the liberalization of capital flows in a prudent and properly sequenced way; • a more level playing field for the private sector—by dismantling monopolies and setting up simpler, more transparent regulatory systems; • reductions in unproductive government spending, • higher and more cost-effective spending on primary health care and education; adequate social protection of the poor, the unemployed etc. • a more effective dialogue with labor and the rest of civil society—to increase political support for adjustment and reform and to ensure that all segments of society benefit.

  22. 6. Human rights in ASEAN • The southeast Asia region is generally poor. Governments range from brutal dictatorships to weak democracies. Ethnic conflicts and discrimination against minorities are problems in most countries. Internal wars rage in several parts of the region. Child prostitution and child labor are relatively common, and children and adults in some countries risk having their limbs blown off by land mines. Prison conditions are generally bad, police abuses are common and torture is practiced in some of these countries. Freedom of expression varies from country to country, but it's generally restricted.

  23. PROSPEROUS Will Everything go well in ASEAN ?! Time, Hope, Opportunity, and hard-work.

  24. Thanks

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