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High Altitude Balloon Payload Design Project Summer 2012

High Altitude Balloon Payload Design Project Summer 2012. Design Team: Jen Hoff (EE ) Kate Ferris (EE ) Alison Figueira (CS) Makenzie Guyer (CS) Kaysha Young (ME/MET) Emily Bishop (ME ) Advisors : Dr . Brock J. LaMeres -Electrical & Computer Engineering

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High Altitude Balloon Payload Design Project Summer 2012

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  1. High Altitude Balloon Payload Design ProjectSummer 2012

  2. Design Team: Jen Hoff (EE) Kate Ferris (EE) Alison Figueira (CS) MakenzieGuyer (CS) Kaysha Young (ME/MET) Emily Bishop (ME) Advisors: Dr. Brock J. LaMeres -Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. Angela Des Jardins -Montana Space Grant Consortium Hunter Lloyd -Computer Science Robb Larson -Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Sponsor: NASA

  3. To collect measurements at high altitudes of atmospheric temperature and pressure, the internal temperature and dynamic movement of a payload that meets HASP flight requirements. Mission Objective Budget: $500 Schedule: 8 Weeks 6/4/12 -7/27/12

  4. Mission Requirements Functional Requirements Log/Store data from the sensors on a non-viotile storage device Power Sensors and any electronics needed to run these sensors Protect the system from environmental conditions Protected from the impact upon landing/jerk from the balloon pop Provide state of health information of the system Performance Requirements Consume 7 watts in order to accurately represent the research team’s thermal output Log data from the temperature and pressure sensors at a rate of 1 measurement per second Log data from the accelerometers at a rate of 3 measurements per second Provide insulation to keep the internal temperature between -40 C and 60C Must provide at least 4 hours of power for the duration of the setup, flight, and recovery time. Must withstand an vertical force of 10 G and a horizontal force of 5 G Physical Requirements Must weight 1.62 kg Maximum Total Volume: 15 cm x 15 cm x 30 cm Must mechanically interface with the HASP payload plate in addition to the BOREALIS system Reliability Requirements Must be able to survive preliminary tests and two launches

  5. System Architecture 2012 Payload Computer System Electrical System Mechanical System

  6. Computer System Computer System 2012 Payload Logging Data Interpreting Data Reading from Sensors SD Card SD Shield Computer System Electrical System Mechanical System

  7. Computer Design Specifications • Interpreting Data • Must be able to retrieve and store sensor data for 4 hours • Temperature data must be retrieved and logged every second • Pressure data must be retrieved and logged every second • Accelerometer data must be retrieved and logged 3 times every second • Gyroscope data must be retrieved and logged 3 times every second • Logging Data • SD Card • Must operate between -40C and 60C • Must have enough storage for data • Must be compatible with SD Shield • SD Shield • Must operate between -40C and 60C • Must be compatible with computer board • Should have a Real Time Clock • Reading from Sensors • Must have enough I/O pins for sensors • Must operate between -40C and 60C • Concept: • Interpreting Data & Reading from Sensors: • Computer Board • Logging Data: • SD Card • SD Shield

  8. Computer Boards • Choice 1: • Arduino Mega 2560 • Price: $54.95 • Digital I/O: 54 pins • Analog I/O: 17 pins • Clock Speed: 16MHz • SRAM: 8KB • Flash: 256KB • Dimensions: 4” x 2.1”

  9. Computer Boards (Cont.) • Choice 2: • Arduino Uno • Price: $29.95 • Digital I/O: 14 • Analog I/O: 6 • Clock Speed: 16MHz • SRAM: 2KB • Flash: 32 KB • Dimensions: 2.7” x 2.1”

  10. Computer Boards (Cont.) • Choice 3: • Orangutan SVP-1284 • Price: $99.95 • GPIO: 21 • SRAM: 2KB • Dimension: 3.7” x 2.2”

  11. Computer Board Decision

  12. SD Shields • Choice 1: • Adafruit Data Logging Shield for Arduino • Price: $19.50 • Dimensions: 2.7” x 2” • Additional: Real Time Clock

  13. SD Shields (cont.) • Choice 2: • Seeed Studio SD Shield • Price: $13.90 • Dimensions: 2.25” x 1.8” • Additional: SDHC support

  14. SD Shields (cont.) • Choice 3: • Your Duino SD Shield • Price: $8.50 • Dimensions: • Additional: Works with Arduino Uno

  15. SD Shield Decision

  16. SD Card Storage • Pressure: • Example Line: “2012/6/6 13:30:25,10” • 20 characters + ‘\0’ + ‘\n’= 22B per line • Every Second, 14,400s (4hr) = 14,400 lines per file • 316,800B per file • 2 trips = 633,600B for 2 files • Temperature: • Same as Pressure, 2 sensors = 1,267,200B for 4 files • Accelerometer: • Example Line: “2012/6/6 13:30:25,10,10,10” • 26 characters + ‘\0’ + ‘\n’= 28B per line • 3 times every second, 14,400s (4hr) = 43,200 lines per file • 1,209,600B per file • 2 trips = 2,419,200B for 2 files • Gyroscope: • Example Line: “2012/6/6 13:30:25,10,10,10,10” • 29 characters + ‘\0’ + ‘\n’= 31B per line • 3 times every second, 14,400s (4hr) = 43,200 lines per file • 1,339,200B per file • 2 trips = 2,678,400B for 2 files 6,998,400B = 6.67419434MB So the smaller SD cards (200MB to 500MB) should have enough storage.

  17. SD cards • Choice 1: • Themis Series • Prices: $26 to $62 • Storage: 128MG to 2GB • Write Speed: 17.21MB/s • Access Time: 1ms

  18. SD cards (cont.) • Choice 2: • Delkin Devices • Prices: $21.95 to $45.57 • Storage: 512MB to 2GB • Write Speed: Not listed, probably ~17MB/s

  19. SD cards (cont.) • Choice 3: • Sea Level • Price: $34.95 • Storage: 1GB • Write Speed: Not listed, probably ~17MB/s

  20. SD Card Decision

  21. Final Decision • Computer Board: Arduino Uno • SD Shield: Adafruit Data Logger • SD card: Delkin Devices SD card

  22. Start Retrieve Pressure Data Setup: Define Sensors, start RTC and timers Interpret Data Functions follow same format as Pressure Loop: Update Timers Store in RAM Temperature Store on SD card, with timestamp A Timer goes off Event Accelerometer Back to main program Gyroscope Design

  23. Testing • Test 1: • Connecting sensors to board • Reading from sensors and interpreting data into a useful format • Test 2: • Creating a timer for each sensor, testing efficiency • Test the Real Time Clock on SD shield • Test writing to the SD card • Test 3: • Testing each sensor individually with writing to the SD card • Testing each sensor individually with the timer and writing to SD card. • Test 4: • Testing all sensors and timers with writing to SD card.

  24. Budget

  25. Electrical System 2012 Payload Electrical System Power System Sensors Interfacing Batteries Pressure Temperature Computer System Electrical System Mechanical System Acceleration Movement

  26. External Temperature Sensor • Specifications • Must be able to operate and measure between -55C and 60C • Must be able to read from the sensor every second • Decision Points • Temperature Range • Accuracy • Cost

  27. External Temperature Sensor Choice #1 • MAX6605 • Price: $0.96 • Range: -55 to 125degC • Temp. Error: +/- 5.8degC • Supply Voltage: 2.7V to 5.5V • Supply Current: 4.5 uA

  28. External Temperature Sensor Choice #2 • TMP124 • Price: $1.62 • Range: -40 to 125degC • Temp. Error: +/- 1.5degC • Supply Voltage: -.3V to 7V • Supply Current: 10mA

  29. External Temperature Sensor Choice #3 • DS18S20 • Price: $5.19 • Range: -55 to 125degC • Temp. Error: +/- 2degC • Supply Voltage: 3V to 5.5V • Active Current: 1mA to 1.5mA

  30. External Temperature Sensor Decision Matrix Final Selection: DS18S20 Temperature Sensor

  31. Internal Temperature Sensor • Specifications • Must be able to measure in the range of -40C to 60C • Must be able to read from the sensor every second • Decision Points • Temperature Range • Accuracy • Cost

  32. Internal Temperature Sensor Choice #1 • LM35CAZ • Price: $5.60 • Range: -40 to 110degC • Temp. Error: +/- .3degC • Supply Voltage: 4V to 30V

  33. Internal Temperature Sensor Choice #2 • 497-1583-1-ND • Price: $1.30 • Range: -40 to 100degC • Temp. Error: +/- 1degC • Supply Voltage: 2.98V

  34. Internal Temperature Sensor Choice #3 • LM35CH • Price: $11.35 • Range: -40 to 110degC • Temp. Error: +/- .5degC • Supply Voltage: 4V to 30V

  35. Internal Temperature Sensor Decision Matrix Final Selection: LM35CAZ Temperature Sensor

  36. Gyroscope • Specifications • Must measure in a 3-D coordinate system • Decision Points • Interfacing • Sensitivity • Measurement Range • Temperature Range • Cost

  37. Gyroscope Choice #1 • 551-1080-1-ND • Price: $9.38 • Range: +/- 2000deg/sec • Sensitivity: 1.33deg/sec • Operating Temp: -40 to 85degC • Voltage Supply: 2.5V to 3.0V • Size: 3.1x4.1x.83 mm^3

  38. Gyroscope Choice #2 • L3G4200D • Price: $29.95 • Range: +/- 2000deg/sec • Sensitivity: 70mdps • Operating Temp: -40 to 85degC • Voltage Supply: 2.4V to 5.5V • Size: .5x.9in

  39. Gyroscope Choice #3 • L3GD20 • Price: $8.48 • Range: +/- 2000deg/sec • Sensitivity: 70mdps • Operating Temp: -40 to 85degC • Voltage Supply: 2.4V to 3.6V • Size: 4x4x1 mm

  40. Gyroscope Decision Matrix Final Selection: L34200D Gyroscope

  41. Sensor’s DC/DC converter • Specifications • Output Voltage: 3.3V • Decision Points • Interfacing • Power Rating • Output Current • Cost

  42. Sensor’s DC/DC Converter Choice #1 • IK1203SA • Price: $5.00 • Output Voltage: 3.3V • Output Current: 75.7 mA • Input Voltage: 10.8V to 13.2V • Power Rating: 250mW • Size: .24x.46 in

  43. Sensor’s DC/DC Converter Choice #2 •  OKI-78SR-3.3/1.5-W36-C • Price: $4.39 • Output Voltage: 3.3V • Output Current: 1.5A • Input Voltage: 7V to 36V • Power Rating: 4.95W • Size: .41x.65in

  44. Sensor’s DC/DC Converter Choice #3 •  PT5103N • Price: $12.21 • Output Voltage: 3.3V • Output Current: 1A • Input Voltage: 9V to 26V • Size: 1x1.02in

  45. Sensor’s DC/DC Converter Decision Matrix Final Selection: IK1203SA DC/DC Converter

  46. Computer’s DC/DC Converter • Specifications • Must give a steady output voltage between 7V and 12V • Want a Switcher • Decision Points • Interfacing • Power Rating • Output Current • Cost

  47. Computer’s DC/DC Converter Choice #1 • JCA0212D02 • Price: $18.20 • Operating Range: -40 to 60degC • Input Range: 9V to 18V • Power: 2W • Output Voltage: 12V

  48. Computer’s DC/DC Converter Choice #2 • ISP1212A • Price: $18.00 • Operating Range: -40 to 60degC • Input Range: 9V to 18V • Power: 2W • Output Voltage: 12V

  49. Computer’s DC/DC Converter Choice #3 • NTFS1212MC • Price: $12.11 • Operating Range: -40 to 60degC • Input Range: 9V to 15V • Power: 1W • Output Voltage: 12V

  50. Computer’s DC/DC Converter Decision Matrix Final Selection: NTFS1212MC

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