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Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals. Chemistry PowerPoint # 2. 3 types of elements. Metals Metalloids Nonmetals. Metals. Metal – an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor. 4 Physical properties of metals Malleable – can be pounded into shapes

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Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

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  1. Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals Chemistry PowerPoint # 2

  2. 3 types of elements • Metals • Metalloids • Nonmetals

  3. Metals Metal – an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor. 4 Physical properties of metals • Malleable – can be pounded into shapes • Ductile – can be pulled out into long wires • Metallic luster – silver grey • Hardness – varying hardness

  4. What is a good conductor?

  5. Malleable • Malleable – ability to be pounded into shapes.

  6. Ductile • Ductile – ability to be drawn out into a thin wire. http://penforhire.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/2231-stripped-ground-wire.jpg http://www.almaskaran-co.com/en/images/EPQ_Wire.jpg http://shop.rabtron.co.za/catalog/images/EnamelCopperWire.jpg

  7. Metallic Luster • Most metals have a silver/grey luster (or shine) • Gold (Au) and Copper (Cu) – yellow/reddish brown luster http://www.mineralminers.com/html/pytm165b.jpg http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/core332/images/graphite.jpg

  8. Hardness • Hardness varies • Some can be cut with a butter knife • Others are VERY hard • Most metals have a high melting point – meaning they are solids at room temp. • Mercury (Hg) is the only exception (liquid) http://www.reuk.co.uk/OtherImages/mercury.jpg

  9. Metal Chemical Properties • Reactivity – ability of an element to undergo a chemical change, heat is released. • Na and K very reactive, quickly react (Group 1) • Au and Cr not very reactive, react slowly • Corrosion – deterioration of metals due to reaction with oxygen (Ex. Rust, tarnish) http://metaldetectingworld.com/secrets_cleaning_coins/jetton_uncleaned.jpg http://www.channel4.com/4homes/images/mb/Channel4/4homes/cleaning/Stains/Rust/rust-1-lg.jpg http://cn1.kaboodle.com/hi/img/2/0/0/85/5/AAAAAlo573QAAAAAAIVQkg.jpg?v=1194183634000

  10. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Lecture/Chapter2/Lec2113.gifhttp://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Lecture/Chapter2/Lec2113.gif Metalloids • Metalloids – elements with some characteristics of metals and others of nonmetals. • All are solid at room temp • Used as semiconductors found in electronics http://technicallyphilly.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/semiconductors.jpg http://allsemiconductors.info/images/semiconductors/semiconductors_385x261.jpg

  11. Nonmetals Nonmetal – a poor conductor of heat and electricity. (Opposite of a metal) Most are gases at room temperature (low boiling point) A few solids (C, I) – very brittle One liquid (Br) http://allperiodictables.com/ClientPages/AAEpages/AAEpix/Noble_grays.jpg

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