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Overview

Overview. Models of behavior change The simple answer: Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills SMART skills for success. Models of Behavior Change. Learning Theories (Skinner & Pavlov) Health Belief Model (Rosenstock) Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein)

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Overview

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Overview • Models of behavior change • The simple answer: Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills • SMART skills for success

  2. Models of Behavior Change • Learning Theories (Skinner & Pavlov) • Health Belief Model (Rosenstock) • Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein) • Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura) • Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente)

  3. Models of Behavior Change • Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (Fisher & Fisher) • Empirically tested • Conceptually based • Generalizable • Parsimonious • Intuitive

  4. Information Information Behavioral Skills Health Behavior Behavioral Skills Health Behavior Motivation Motivation A empirically proven model for behavior change (Fisher & Fisher, 1994)

  5. Information • Knowledge that is directly relevant to the behavior to be changed • Communicating to participants that physical activity is essential for good health • What to do to be more physically active: walking, biking, swimming, etc. • Does the participant know what to change?

  6. Motivation • Inducement to engage in and maintain a new behavior • attitude toward the behavior • subjective norm • perceived costs vs. benefits • perceived vulnerability • Does the participant want to change?

  7. Behavioral Skills • Strategies necessary to effectively perform the behavior • Goal setting • Self monitoring • Environmental cues • Social support • Reinforcement • Does the participant know how to change?

  8. What about you?

  9. Information and Motivation are Not Sufficient to Change Behavior • Most smokers know that smoking is bad for their health, and they want to quit . . . • Most overweight people know that extra weight has negative health effects, and they want to lose pounds . . . • If information and motivation were enough, • we would all be healthy!

  10. We’ve Known for Decades . . . • Behavioral interventions are more than twice as effective as information-only programs • Meta-analysis of health behavior change programs (Mazzuca, 1982) • effect sizes of .26 (information only) and .64 (behavioral skills) on health behavior • effect sizes of .18 (information only) and .74 (behavioral skills) on physiological variables (BP, weight, glucose, cholesterol)

  11. Information Information Complex Health Behavior Behavioral Skills Behavioral Skills Health Behavior Motivation Motivation A empirically proven model for behavior change (Fisher & Fisher, 1994)

  12. The “HOW”: SMART skills • The difference between success and failure in changing and maintaining behavior • Set a goal • Monitor your progress • Arrange your world for success • Recruit a support Team • Treat yourself

  13. Set a Specific, Achievable Goal • A Behavior • Specific, observable and measurable • Be sure you can accomplish it

  14. Monitor Your Progress • Keep track of the behavior • Accountability • No guesswork • Detect patterns • Feel proud!

  15. Arrange your World for Success • Make it easy to do the behavior • Working on exercise? • Have everything ready to go: clothes, towel, shoes, time • Trying to reduce calories? • Don’t bring high calorie foods into your house

  16. Recruit a Support Team Ask people around you to support your new behavior

  17. Treat Yourself • Reinforcement • Reward new behavior every time for acquisition • “Behavior that is treated is likely to be repeated!”

  18. Resources for SMART skills • Consumer-oriented • Workbook format • Easy to read • Based on IMB model • Special sections on exercise, eating habits, sleep, and medication adherence

  19. Resources for SMART skills • KP.org/healthcoach • On Line Health Coach • New media technology (ODRM) • Interactive, tailored, and engaging • Motivates and keeps participants on track

  20. Resources for SMART skills • sheri.d.pruitt@kp.org

  21. Thank you!

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