Chapter 1

1. Chapter 1 • 1. Which of these is not a property of all living organisms? a. organization b. acquisition of materials and energy c. care for their offspring d. reproduction e. responding to the environment

2. 1. Which of these is not a property of all living organisms? a. organization b. acquisition of materials and energy c. care for their offspring d. reproduction e. responding to the environment

3. 3. The level of organization that includes cells of similar structure and function would be • An organ • A tissue • An organ system • An organism

4. 3. The level of organization that includes cells of similar structure and function would be • An organ • A tissue • An organ system • An organism

5. 4. The color, temperature, and foul odor of the flowers of the titan arum are examples of a. obtaining materials b. adaptations c. organizations d. homeostasis

6. 4. The color, temperature, and foul odor of the flowers of the titan arum are examples of a. obtaining materials b. adaptations c. organizations d. homeostasis

7. 5. which of the following is an example of adaptation? • In a very wet year, some plants grow unusually tall stalks and large leaves • Over millions of years, the eyes of cave salamanders lose their function • An escaped dog joins a pack of wild dogs and begins interbreeding with them • A harsh winter kills many birds within a population, especially the smallest ones

8. 5. which of the following is an example of adaptation? • In a very wet year, some plants grow unusually tall stalks and large leaves • Over millions of years, the eyes of cave salamanders lose their function • An escaped dog joins a pack of wild dogs and begins interbreeding with them • A harsh winter kills many birds within a population, especially the smallest ones

9. 6. energy is brought into ecosystems by which of the following? a. fungi and other decomposers b. cows and other organisms that graze on grass c. meat-eating animals d. organisms that photosynthesize, such as plants e. all of these are correct

10. 6. energy is brought into ecosystems by which of the following? a. fungi and other decomposers b. cows and other organisms that graze on grass c. meat-eating animals d. organisms that photosynthesize, such as plants e. all of these are correct

11. 7. we use the scientific method every day. Suppose one morning that your car does not start. Which of the following is a testable hypothesis stemming from this observation? • I’m going to be late • My battery is dead • Check to see if I left the lights on • Kick the tires • I will add a quart of oil

12. 7. we use the scientific method every day. Suppose one morning that your car does not start. Which of the following is a testable hypothesis stemming from this observation? • I’m going to be late • My battery is dead • Check to see if I left the lights on • Kick the tires • I will add a quart of oil

13. 8. which of the following statements is a hypothesis? • Will increasing my cat’s food increase her weight? • Increasing my cat’s food consumption will result in a 25% increase in her weight • I will feed my cat more food • My cat has gained weight; therefore, she is eating more food

14. 8. which of the following statements is a hypothesis? • Will increasing my cat’s food increase her weight? • Increasing my cat’s food consumption will result in a 25% increase in her weight • I will feed my cat more food • My cat has gained weight; therefore, she is eating more food

15. 9. After formulating a hypothesis, a scientist • Proves the hypothesis • Tests the hypothesis • Decides how to best avoid having a control • Makes sure environmental conditions are just right • Formulates a scientific theory

16. 9. After formulating a hypothesis, a scientist • Proves the hypothesis • Tests the hypothesis • Decides how to best avoid having a control • Makes sure environmental conditions are just right • Formulates a scientific theory

17. 10. The experimental variable in the bluebird experiment was the • Use of a model male bluebird • Observations of the experimenter • Various behavior of the males • Identification of what bluebirds to study • All of these are correct

18. 10. The experimental variable in the bluebird experiment was the • Use of a model male bluebird • Observations of the experimenter • Various behavior of the males • Identification of what bluebirds to study • All of these are correct

19. 12. Which of the following are agents of natural selection? • Changes in the environment • Competition among individuals for food and water • Predation by another species • Competition among members of a population for prime nesting sites • All of these are correct

20. 12. Which of the following are agents of natural selection? • Changes in the environment • Competition among individuals for food and water • Predation by another species • Competition among members of a population for prime nesting sites • All of these are correct

21. 13. Which of the following is an example of natural selection? • In a very wet year, some plants grow unusually tall stalks and large leaves • After unusually cold winters, squirrels with an extra layer of fat have more offspring • Squirrels may have long or short tails • Dogs with longer legs are able to run faster than dogs with shorter legs

22. 13. Which of the following is an example of natural selection? • In a very wet year, some plants grow unusually tall stalks and large leaves • After unusually cold winters, squirrels with an extra layer of fat have more offspring • Squirrels may have long or short tails • Dogs with longer legs are able to run faster than dogs with shorter legs

23. 14. Which of the following statements regarding evolution is false? • Adaptation may be physical or behavioral • Natural selection always results in organisms becoming more adapted to the environment • A trait selected for may suddenly become selected against when the environment changes • Some traits are neither selected for nor against

24. 14. Which of the following statements regarding evolution is false? • Adaptation may be physical or behavioral • Natural selection always results in organisms becoming more adapted to the environment • A trait selected for may suddenly become selected against when the environment changes • Some traits are neither selected for nor against

25. Chapter 2 • 1. which of the subatomic particles contributes almost no weight to an atom? • Protons in electron shells • Electrons in the nucleus • Neutrons in the nucleus • Electrons at various energy levels

26. 1. which of the subatomic particles contributes almost no weight to an atom? • Protons in electron shells • Electrons in the nucleus • Neutrons in the nucleus • Electrons at various energy levels

27. 2. The atomic number tells you the • Number of neutrons in the nucleus • Number of protons in the atom • Atomic mass of the atom • Number of its electrons if the atom is neutral • Both b and d are correct

28. 2. The atomic number tells you the • Number of neutrons in the nucleus • Number of protons in the atom • Atomic mass of the atom • Number of its electrons if the atom is neutral • Both b and d are correct

29. 3. an atom that has 2 electrons in the outer shell, such as magnesium, would most likely • Share to acquire a completed outer shell • Lose these 2 electrons and become a negatively charged ion • Lose these two electrons and become a positively charged ion • Bind with carbon by way of hydrogen bonds • Bind with another calcium atom to satisfy its energy needs

30. 3. an atom that has 2 electrons in the outer shell, such as magnesium, would most likely • Share to acquire a completed outer shell • Lose these 2 electrons and become a negatively charged ion • Lose these two electrons and become a positively charged ion • Bind with carbon by way of hydrogen bonds • Bind with another calcium atom to satisfy its energy needs

31. 4. Isotopes differ in their • Number of protons • Atomic number • Number of neutrons • Number of electrons

32. 4. Isotopes differ in their • Number of protons • Atomic number • Number of neutrons • Number of electrons

33. 5. When an atom gains electrons, it • Forms a negatively charged ion • Forms a positively charged ion • Forms covalent bonds • Forms ionic bonds • Gains atomic mass

34. 5. When an atom gains electrons, it • Forms a negatively charged ion • Forms a positively charged ion • Forms covalent bonds • Forms ionic bonds • Gains atomic mass

35. 8. In which of these are the electrons always shared unequally? • Double covalent bond • Triple covalent bond • Hydrogen bond • Polar covalent bond • Ionic and covalent bonds

36. 8. In which of these are the electrons always shared unequally? • Double covalent bond • Triple covalent bond • Hydrogen bond • Polar covalent bond • Ionic and covalent bonds

37. 12. H2CO3/NaHCO3 is a buffer system in the body. What effect will the addition of an acid have on the pH of a solution that is buffered? • The pH will rise • The pH will lower • The pH will not change • All of these are correct

38. 12. H2CO3/NaHCO3 is a buffer system in the body. What effect will the addition of an acid have on the pH of a solution that is buffered? • The pH will rise • The pH will lower • The pH will not change • All of these are correct

39. 13. rainwater has pH of about 5.6; therefore, rainwater is • A neutral solution • An acidic solution • A basic solution • It depends if it is buffered

40. 13. rainwater has pH of about 5.6; therefore, rainwater is • A neutral solution • An acidic solution • A basic solution • It depends if it is buffered

41. 15. Which type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between atoms? • Covalent • Ionic • Hydrogen • Neutral

42. 15. Which type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between atoms? • Covalent • Ionic • Hydrogen • Neutral

43. 17. Why is –NH2 a polar group? • Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen • The bonds are not symmetrical • Because hydrogen bonding takes place • Both a and b are correct

44. 17. Why is –NH2 a polar group? • Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen • The bonds are not symmetrical • Because hydrogen bonding takes place • Both a and b are correct

45. Chapter 3 • 1. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of carbon? • Forms 4 covalent bonds • Bonds with other carbon atoms • Is sometimes ionic • Can form long chains • Sometimes shares two pairs of electrons with another atom

46. 1. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of carbon? • Forms 4 covalent bonds • Bonds with other carbon atoms • Is sometimes ionic • Can form long chains • Sometimes shares two pairs of electrons with another atom

47. 3. a hydrophilic group is • Attracted to water • A polar and/or ionized group • Found at the end of fatty acids • The opposite of a hydrophobic group • All of these are correct

48. 3. a hydrophilic group is • Attracted to water • A polar and/or ionized group • Found at the end of fatty acids • The opposite of a hydrophobic group • All of these are correct

49. 4. Which of these is an example of a hydrolysis reaction? • Amino acid + amino aciddipeptide + water • Dipeptide + water  amino acid + amino acid • Denaturation of a polypeptide • Both a and b are correct • Both b and c are correct

50. 4. Which of these is an example of a hydrolysis reaction? • Amino acid + amino aciddipeptide + water • Dipeptide + water  amino acid + amino acid • Denaturation of a polypeptide • Both a and b are correct • Both b and c are correct