1 / 15

Addressing Key Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Overview

Addressing Key Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Overview. By Cyneetha Strong, MD May 19, 2012. Cardiovascular Disease - definition. Diseases and conditions pertaining to the heart and vascular (blood vessels) system

saskia
Download Presentation

Addressing Key Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Addressing Key Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Overview By Cyneetha Strong, MD May 19, 2012

  2. Cardiovascular Disease - definition • Diseases and conditions pertaining to the heart and vascular (blood vessels) system • Primarily includes heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure • May also include arrhythmias, PVD , ESRD, congenital heart defects

  3. Definitions • Myocardial infarction – “heart attack” – damage to the heart caused by block blood vessels • Congestive heart failure – heart becomes weak and unable to pump enough blood and oxygen throughout the body to meet it’s needs • Stroke – damage to the brain from blocked blood vessel in the brain • High blood pressure – increased force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries (140/90 mmHg or higher). This causes the heart to work too hard, increasing risk of heart disease and stroke

  4. Definitions • Arrhythmias – irregular heart rhythms • PVD (peripheral vascular disease) – narrowing of blood vessels in the legs resulting in pain and decreased blood flow – “poor blood circulation” • ESRD (end stage renal disease) – kidney failure requiring dialysis or kidney transplant

  5. Did you know? • Heart disease is the #1 killer in the US, causing more deaths than cancer, lung disease, accidents and diabetes combined. • Nearly 2400 Americans die of CVD every day • 1 death every 37 seconds, 100 this hour • Estimated direct and indirect cost of CVD for $475.3 billion. • 38% women, 25% men die within 1 year of heart attack

  6. Heart Disease – Risk Factors (Can’t be changed) • Age • Family History • Race

  7. Heart Disease – Risk factors Modifiable (Can be changed) • Smoking • High blood pressure • High blood cholesterol • Physical inactivity • Obesity or overweight • Diabetes

  8. Multipler Effect: Risk Factors for Heart Disease

  9. What you can do • Don’t smoke and avoid second hand smoke • Male smokers die 13.2 years earlier than nonsmokers • Female smokers die 14.5 years earlier than nonsmokers • 35% of deaths from smoking related to CVD • Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke have 25-30% increase risk of heart disease • Get regular exercise • Aim to get at least150 minutes of cardio per week (30 minutes 5 times a week) • 10,000 steps daily • Add activity to everyday life • Know your numbers • Blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose

  10. What you can do • Eat a heart healthy diet • Low in saturated fats, trans fats, sodium, cholesterol • Include whole grains, vegetables, fruit, healthy fats • Maintain a healthy weight • Know your BMI (Body Mass Index) • Ask your doctor about your ideal weight • 5-10% loss of body weight produces risk reduction • See your doctor for regular exams • Take medication as prescribed

  11. Numbers for a Healthy Heart • Blood pressure • Normal = 120/80 or less • Pre-hypertension = between 120/80 and 140/90 • High blood pressure = 140/90 or higher • Over 40% of Black American adults have high blood pressure. • The prevalence of high blood pressure in Blacks Americans the highest in the world, and it is increasing. • Highest rates of high blood pressure in those who are middle-age or older, overweight or obese, physically inactive, diabetic, and less educated.

  12. Numbers for a Healthy Heart • Cholesterol • Total – 200 or less • LDL- “lousy”/bad cholesterol – 130 or less • HDL – “happy”/good – the higher the better Increased risks if less than 40 for men, less than 50 for women • Triglycerides – less than 150, the lower the better • A 10% decrease in total cholesterol may result in a 30% reduction in heart disease • Less than half of people needing treatment for cholesterol are receiving it. • Less than one third of those being treated are at goal, less than 20% of CHD patients at goal

  13. Numbers for a Healthy Heart • Blood Glucose • Normal – less than 100 fasting • Pre-diabetes – fasting blood sugar 100-126 • Diabetes – more than 126 fasting(two separate occasions), or more than 200 random • At least 65% of people with diabetes die of heart disease or stroke. • 30% of people with diabetes are unaware they have it.

  14. Resources • American Heart Association • Heart Disease & Stroke Statistics-2009 Update • www.americanheart.org • National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion • www.cdc.gov/omh/AMH/factsheets/cardio.htm. • The Office of Minority Health • www.omh.gov • The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute • www.nhlbi.gov

  15. Remember… • If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him. James 1:5 • Trust in the Lord with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding. In all thy ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths. Proverbs 3:5-6

More Related