States of Matter

1. States of Matter The Kinetic Theory of Matter

2. 4 STATES OF MATTER…. maybe more…!!!

3. States of Matter can be explained by… THE KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER

4. Matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion

5. KINETIC means motion

6. SOLID • Examples: steel, concrete, salt, sugar, wax Definite shape Definite volume KT: Particles are held closely together. Particles are vibrating, but they can’t move out of position. Can’t move around each other. That’s why it holds shape. Repeating geometric patterns…crystals Some with out crystals…amorphous

7. SOLID

8. THERMAL EXPANSION • Almost all matter expands when heated and contracts when cooled KTM: In a solid, forces hold particles close together. As solid is heated the particles move slightly apart because they are vibrating faster and faster. The solid expands.

9. THERMAL EXPANSION • EXAMPLES: roads, sidewalks, buildings, bridges, jars

10. LIQUID • Examples: water, alcohol, mercury Definite volume… can’t be squeezed into less space No definite shape… flows to take the shape of the container KTM: particles still so close they can’t be squeezed…definite, volume but they are free to move around each other…spreads to assume shape of container

11. LIQUID

12. GAS • Examples: gases, water vapor, air No definite shape…expands or contracts to fill the container No definite volume…expands or contracts to fill the container KTM: enough energy for particles to separate from each other in all directions.

13. GAS

14. GAS

15. GAS

16. GAS, LIQUID, SOLID

17. PLASMA • Examples: Sun, fluorescent light, lightning… 99% of universe gas like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles KT: particles moving with so much energy they bump into each other with enough force to break them up.

18. PLASMA

19. IS THAT ALL? Einstein thought there might be more… YOU find out…!!! Search the library or the internet to find out if there are any other states of matter.