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East and Southeast Asia Sub-regional Workshop for GEF Focal Points

This background information provides an overview of land degradation issues in Myanmar, including soil erosion, salinity, alkalinity, and acidity problems. It also discusses the practice of shifting cultivation and alternative options for land management. The National Action Plan-2005 and implementation strategies are highlighted, along with ongoing programmes and areas eligible for GEF project funding.

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East and Southeast Asia Sub-regional Workshop for GEF Focal Points

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  1. East and Southeast Asia Sub-regional Workshop for GEF Focal Points National GEF Priority Setting San Win, Myanmar

  2. Background information for Myanmar • Located in SE Asia, 676,557 Km2 in area • Population 55 Millions (2006) • 70% Rural population (2% GR) • 42% lives in upland areas • Agricultural-based Economy • Land (soil) Conservation should be given in priority

  3. Soil degradation problems by area • Soil erosion in hilly region • Salinity problems in costal area • Alkalinity problems in dry area • Acidity problem in laterite soil • Seasonal floods in low land

  4. Soil erosion in hilly area • Manily caused be shifting cultivation • 155,607 Km2 shifting cultivation affected area (22.8% in 1989) • 2 million families estimated to be involved in the practice • Fallow cycle ranges between 3-10 years (0 in some areas) • Low crop productivity and increase in human population accelerate further expansion of this practice

  5. Alternative options in the place of the practice • Agroforestry practice (areas close to urban areas) • Fallow-land management System (in remote areas) • Any other options (job opportunities)

  6. National Action Plan-2005 to address the issue • NAP: to reverse the trend of land degradation and desertification in short, medium and long-term • To be integrated the NAP into the National SD plans, long-term programmes and strategies

  7. For successful NAP implementation • Political commitment & support • People’s participation • Multidisciplinary approach • Sufficient resources • Regional and int’l cooperation • Capacity building & • Monitoring and evaluation

  8. Programmes under imple -mentation in addition to the NAP • Watershed management plan • Management of development activities in the high-land of border areas (to reduce shifting cultivation practice) • Planning highland reclamation for period 2003-07 (to reduce shifting cultivation practice) • Implementation of community-based natural resource management

  9. GEF focal areas for project funding • Biological diversity • Climate Change • International Waters • Ozone-Layer Depletion • Land Degradation and • POPs (Focal Point Handbook)

  10. GEF funding • Being an agricultural-based country Myanmar is, land conservation is given in top priority • Land rehabilitation and conservation measures are in-line with the national priority, and GEF funding to those activities will ensure for achieving the Sustainable Development in the country

  11. Thank You

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