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Run 2 Overview of LHC Beam Instrumentation

Run 2 Overview of LHC Beam Instrumentation. Michal Krupa for the BI Group 31/01/2019 9th LHC Operations Evian Workshop. Outline. Run 2 improvements, operational experience, performance of major BI system:

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Run 2 Overview of LHC Beam Instrumentation

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  1. Run 2 Overview ofLHC Beam Instrumentation Michal Krupa for the BI Group 31/01/20199th LHC Operations Evian Workshop BI Overview

  2. Outline • Run 2 improvements, operational experience, performance of major BI system: • BPM (orbit, interlock, DOROS), BLMs (main, diamond), BCTs (DC, fast), feedbacks, BBQ, Schottky, instability, special diagnostics • For emittance measurements – see G. Trad’s talk • Overview of BI availability • Outlook for LS2 / Run 3 BI Overview

  3. Orbit BPMs LHC orbit stability Rack temperature vs beam position • Around 1100 BPMs in orbit FB • Orbit measurement resolution: ~ 1 μm • Long-term reproducibility: ~ 50 μm • Smooth Run 2 commissioning • Analogue electronics with limitations • Bunch pattern: calibration (< 50 μm) • Temperature: thermalised racks (< 50 μm) • “Dancing” BPMs: in reality multiple issues, solved BI Overview

  4. Orbit BPMs • Some development during Run 2 • Multiple FW upgrades: bug fixes, more stability and maintainability • “Synchronous orbit”: for p/Pbrun • Automatic adjustment (with the bunch pattern) of orbit filter BW: reduced noise • Testbed: dry runs before commissioning, ongoing • No major intervention in LS2 • Upgrade planned for LS3 BI Overview

  5. Interlocked BPMs New interlock BPM signal processing • 8 dedicated BPMs in IR6 • Real time, bunch by bunch, fail-safe • Existing system with limitations • Obsolete analogue electronics (WBTN) • Sensitivity selection, signal reflections (mitigated), no doublets • Upgrade under development • Modern digital signal processing (VFC) • Single gain, doublets • < 200 μm resolution BI Overview

  6. IP8 separation in μm DOROS BPMs - orbit DOROS beam intensity sensitivity • Alternative acquisition electronics • Installed on 40 standard BPMs • Good performance, some limitations • Intensity dependence: correction (~ 30 μm) • 2 HW R2E faults: component identified • Planned upgrades during LS2 • Further correction of intensity dependence • R2E mitigation by HW changes • Orbit FB compatibility • Real-time orbit spectra for Q2s in IP1 BI Overview

  7. Main BLMs • Very large interlocked system • ~ 4000 ionisation chambers • Generally good performance • No known protection critical issues • Diligent fault analysis • DISMAC related interventions • Estimated ~ 1200 BLM channels to be removed and re-installed • Requires full check-out and irradiation BI Overview

  8. Main BLMs TIM-based irradiation station VFC-based processing module • Ongoing developments • Logging in NXCALS in LS2 • 700 new processing modules in production • New irradiation source trolley • Radiation source with TIM • Run 3 commissioning • 11 hardware and 3 system tests BI Overview

  9. 10 Hz beam oscillation Diamond BLMs Turns Losses Bunch losses during UFO event Bunches • System developed during Run 2 • 10 BLMs: P2,8 (inj), P6 (extr), P7 (TCPs, crystal) • New read-out deployed in 2018 • VFC + FMC / FESA • Archiving in NXCALS for IP7 • Used for beam studies • On-board UFO trigger • Scraping studies • 10 Hz oscillation BI Overview

  10. DCCTs – beam intensity • Very stable system • Smooth commissioning • Run 2 developments: • 24 bit ADC: single sensitivity, simplified VdM preparation • Noise reduction • Software / FESA upgrade • Resolution: 1e9 • No major development in LS2 • Vacuum sector bake-out… BI Overview

  11. FBCT phasing FBCTs – bunch intensity FBCT beam position sensitivity • Complete overhaul during Run 2 • New BCTW sensors: better signal,no beam position dependence • New acquisition electronics: modern digital integration, no phasing required • New software / FESA • Resolution: 1e8 • Some development ongoing • Absolute calibration BI Overview

  12. Feedbacks (orbit + tune) BI / CO / OP clients LHC FBservice unit LHC FB controller COD LHC BBQ BPM • Large and stable system • 80k+ lines of code • Smooth Run 2 commissioning • Major upgrade in LS1 • Ported to new hardware • Service unit: ported to FESA • Controller: documented, improved trigger and logging • Testbed: dry runs before commissioning, issue investigation BI Overview

  13. Feedbacks (orbit + tune) Clients Service unit (LS1 upgrade) Controller (LS2 upgrade) LHC • Major upgrade in LS2 • Controller: re-engineering, standarisation, ported to FESA • Pre-commissionigtest campaign:validation with testbed • No issues expected for Run 3 commissioning BI Overview

  14. 50 Hz “noise” lines BBQ - tune BBQ instability growth trigger • Very stable system • No major issues observed • Added instability trigger and BTF features in Run 2 • Main limitation: multiples of 50 Hz on the beam, investigation ongoing • Some development during LS2 • Consolidation of acquisition to VFC • Software upgrade to FESA3 BI Overview

  15. Ion Schottky signals before and after ramp Schottky diagnostics Chromaticity measurement • Chromaticity, Q, fs, emittance… • Operational / expert system • Tweaking for non-standard beams • Turn-key for injection • ξ, Q logged online, fixed screen • Overhaul during Run 2 • State-of-the-art hardware • No development in LS2 • Data analysis toolkit needed BI Overview

  16. Instability diagnostics Head-Tail upgrade 8-bit 10-bit MIM sensitivity bands • Head-Tail Monitor used extensively • Triggering from the BBQ via the LIST network operational since 2016 • Trigger at beam-dump for 16L2 diagnostics implemented in 2017 • Acquisition upgraded in YETS17/18 • Higher resolution and longer acquisition time • Multi-Band Instability Monitor • Real-time diagnostics • Promising first results • Full deployment planned for LS2 BI Overview

  17. BLMs for 16L2 Special diagnostics DOROS for ground motion • Ad-hoc developments to address unforeseen LHC issues • BLM assembly for 16L2 • DOROS for ground motion • BPM phase measurements for electron cloud BI Overview

  18. 2018 LHC BI availability • Longest blocking BI faults: • BTV screen stuck: 4 h 42 min • BLM sanity check: 3 h 38 min • BLM connectivity: 3 h 36 min • B1H WS PSU: 2 h 24 min • BLM card fail: 2 h 10 min • In total 33 hours of blocking BI faults BI 47 BI faults in 2018 = 49 h of LHC downtime BI Overview

  19. Run 2 LHC BI availability • Decreasing trend until 2018 • Spike mainly due to “Other”(WS: 54%, BTV: 29%, BSRA: 17%) • Best BLM performance ever • Since 2018 tracking of “Controls” • Faults reassigned to BI after analysis • AFT used internally for fault analysis BI Overview

  20. Conclusions • Major LHC BI systems are fully operational • Used daily by OP, available for MDs • No major outstanding / blocking issues • Availability constantly improving, AFT analysis • Testbeds developed for dry runs and issue analysis • Performance improved with ongoing developments • All non-interlocked systems upgraded during Run 2 BI Overview

  21. Conclusions • Major LHC BI systems are ready for Run 3 • 1.8e11 ppb within dynamic range • For emittance see G. Trad’stalk • LS2 mostly for house-keeping • Maintenance, inspections, protection, software work • LHC Feedback upgrade • Testbeds validation • No issues foreseen for Run 3 commissioning BI Overview

  22. Thank you for your attention Run 2 Beam Instrumentation Overview Michal Krupa for the BI Group 31/01/20199th LHC Operations Evian Workshop Special acknowledgements:D. Alves, I. Degl’Innocenti, M. Gasior, J. Kral, T. Levens, P. Odier, V. Schramm, M. Wendt,C. Zamantzas

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