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What are the Eight Wastes? Lean theory identifies eight wastes that add cost to business and generate no value to customers. Lean looks for these wastes, or non-value-added tasks, in a process and seeks to apply practical solutions to remove or reduce them. Value Stream Mapping to visually illustrate a process helps to accurately locate where any or all of these wastes are found. The Eight Wastes of Lean are as applicable to non-production activities as they are to production.